Ruslan Stefanov, Coordinator

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Presentation transcript:

SPREAD AND DYNAMICS OF CORRUPTION IN BULGARIA – THE BUSINESS SECTOR (JANUARY 2007) Ruslan Stefanov, Coordinator Economic Program, Center for the Study of Democracy

Corruption in Bulgaria – Overview on the Business Sector Corruption acceptability and susceptibility among the business Actual corrupt practices Overall indexes Corrupt practices in selected administrative services Attitudes towards corruption Overall index Corruption among selected professional groups Corruption-related expectations Attitudes towards the effectiveness of anti-corruption policies Conclusions www.vitosha-research.com

Acceptability and susceptibility to corruption (min=0, max=10) Source: Vitosha Research www.vitosha-research.com Base: All respondents

Rate of actual corruption (min=0, max=10) Source: Vitosha Research www.vitosha-research.com Base: All respondents

Relative share of the companies that have paid informally for the following services (%) Source: Vitosha Research www.vitosha-research.com Base: All respondents

Spread of corruption (min=0 max=10) Source: Vitosha Research www.vitosha-research.com Base: All respondents

Spread of corruption by occupational group (%) “ Nearly all and most are involved in corruption” Nov 2003 April 2004 January 2007 Customs officers 80,3 81,1 67,8 Politicians, political party leaders 62,7 54,4 58,3 MPs 58,7 51,4 57,0 Mayors and councilors 54,9 47,1 53,3 Ministers 55,6 45,4 52,3 Prosecutors 52 51,0 51,5 Judges 53,4 52,7 51,3 Police officers 62,5 56,0 50,8 Tax officials 62,9 51,1 Investigators 46,8 44,0 47,5 Doctors 50,2 45,0 Municipal officials 43,5 www.vitosha-research.com

Corruption-related expectations (min=0 max=10) Source: Vitosha Research www.vitosha-research.com Base: All respondents

Assessments of the impact of government efforts to curb corruption* Source: Vitosha Research www.vitosha-research.com * Relative share of those who answered, “The Government does nothing”

Conclusions – what do indexes show? Actual corruption in the business – administration relations declines in th beginning of 2007. Business susceptibility to corruption also falls. Business attitudes towards the spread of corruption remain high though their composition/addressee changes The spread of corruption among the administration falls (customs, police, tax officials) Corruption rises/stays flat among the political elite (politicians, MPs, prosecutors) Corruption-related expectations stay at bay but the business doubts the government’s ability to tackle corruption, particularly political corruption www.vitosha-research.com

Conclusions – what do indexes suggest? It is possible that the current decline in actual corruption be temporary/seasonal – due to one-off factors. Acceptability of corruption remains high and rising among the business Now is the time for a breakthrough in good governance – measures should be targeted towards the higher political level and should encompass more complex schemes of corruption not just bribery (conflicts of interest, abuse of power, etc.) What gets measured – gets done: the System of Indicators is a powerful too for self-discipline, which can be used as a pilot model for an EU wide instrument. www.vitosha-research.com

Upcoming CSD reports Corruption assessment report 2007 – April 2007 Corruption in public procurement in Bulgaria: policy assessment – April 2007 Corruption in the Bulgarian Healthcare www.vitosha-research.com