HUMAN RIGHTS.

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Presentation transcript:

HUMAN RIGHTS

DEFINITION All the rights a human being must enjoy just for the fact of being a person CHARACTERISTICS a) absolute: they are valid for everybody b) vital: no one must abandon them c) non property rights: they do not have an economic value

GENERATIONS There are 4 generations of human rights, which are the result of a long historical path

The most important are: First generation They go back to 1789, just after the French Revolution with the Declaration of Human and Citizens’ Rights. The most important are: Right to life and physical integrity Freedom of thought, religion, association, vote

Second Generation They go back to 1948: Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They include all the rights of an economic, social and cultural sort: Right to education Right to have a house Right to have a job These rights contribute to improving the social conditions of every citizen

Third Generation Collective rights adressed to peoples not to single citizens They are: Right to peace Right to development Right to the safeguard of the environment

Fourth Generation These are very recent, not yet classified and written. They concern the field of genetic manipulation, bioethics and new media

Types of violation Death penalty Tortures Unjust trials Wars Terrorism Genocides Persecutions

FORMAL ACTS Universal Declaration of Human Rights (ONU 1948) Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2000), which obtains full legal effect with the Treaty of Lisbon (2009) International Criminal Court (after WW2): It judges the following crimes: genocides, crimes against humanity, war crimes.