Three-dimensional visualization of velocity profiles in the porcine abdominal aortic trifurcation Erik Morre Pedersen, MD, Jesper Østergaard Hjortdal,

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Presentation transcript:

Three-dimensional visualization of velocity profiles in the porcine abdominal aortic trifurcation Erik Morre Pedersen, MD, Jesper Østergaard Hjortdal, MD, Vibeke Elisabeth Hjortdal, MD, Hans Nygaard, ME, Michael Hasenkam, MD, DMSc, Peter Kildeberg Paulsen, MD, DMSc Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 15, Issue 1, Pages 194-204 (January 1992) DOI: 10.1016/0741-5214(92)70028-J Copyright © 1992 Society for Vascular Surgery and the North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Analysis set-up. The hot-film anemometer velocity signal from one of 21 points is recorded along with the ECG. The added velocity signal and ECG derived trigger signal is A/D-converted, and ensemble averaged. A three-dimensional graphic presentation of the cross-sectional velocity profile is then plotted at different times throughout the cardiac cycle. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1992 15, 194-204DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(92)70028-J) Copyright © 1992 Society for Vascular Surgery and the North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Anatomy of the aortic trifurcation and positions of measurement. On the left the posterior-concave curvature of the abdominal aorta is visualized. The circles indicate the plane and terminology used to describe the positions in the vessels. M, Medial; L, lateral; A, anterior; P, posterior; E, left; R, right; Di, distal; and Pr, proximal iliac position of measurement. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1992 15, 194-204DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(92)70028-J) Copyright © 1992 Society for Vascular Surgery and the North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Velocity signals. a, Disturbed velocity signals in two measurement series from the center of the abdominal aorta 3 cm proximal to the trifurcation. b, Shifts in tangent direction indicating retrograde velocities (arrows) at vessel walls in the abdominal aorta. The triphasic electromagnetic flow meter signal below. c, Velocity, signals measured in iliac branch, proximal position. Arrows indicate retrograde flow. P, posterior; A, anterior; L, lateral; M, medial. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1992 15, 194-204DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(92)70028-J) Copyright © 1992 Society for Vascular Surgery and the North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Measurements from the abdominal aorta. a, Diameter velocity profile through the entire heart cycle. b, peak velocity profiles for all measurements series in four diameters visualized in circles (A, Anterior; P, posterior; E, left; R, right. A-P profiles based on nine points of measurement, other profiles on five. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1992 15, 194-204DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(92)70028-J) Copyright © 1992 Society for Vascular Surgery and the North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Measurements in the proximal iliac position (see Fig. 2), Repeak = 641, α-parameter = 14, branch-trunk area ratio (β) = 0.95, lateral angle (θ) = 155 degrees. a, Cross-sectional three-dimensional plots. The time in heart cycle is shown at the left of each figure. b, One-diameter profiles through the entire heart cycle. c, Peak velocity profiles in four diameters shown in circles, A, Anterior; P, posterior; L, lateral; M, medial. L-M profiles based on nine measuring points, the other profiles based on five. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1992 15, 194-204DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(92)70028-J) Copyright © 1992 Society for Vascular Surgery and the North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Influence of pulse rate variability. On the diametral velocity profile (a) the point of measurement in the center (cross hatched) is seen to be out of phase with the other velocity signals, having a pulse rate 11% higher than the other velocity signals. The cross-sectional velocity profile (b) and the L-M diameter profile (c) from the time corresponding to the instant marked on the diametral velocity profile (a) are shown for comparison. A, Anterior; P, posterior; L, lateral; M, medial. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1992 15, 194-204DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(92)70028-J) Copyright © 1992 Society for Vascular Surgery and the North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions