INTRODUCTION TO FLORAL DESIGN

Welcome Please obtain a notebook. Using the markers provided, write your name and the hour your in this class clearly on the notebook cover. Follow Mr. Wilson’s instructions for setting up the table of contents etc.

OBJECTIVES Define florist Identify occasions for which floral products are purchased Identify products and services florists provide Explain the function of different types of florists Identify common floral plants (cut, foliage, live) and their use in floral design.

WHAT IS A FLORIST? A florist is a person or a business dealing with arranging and merchandising flowers and floral products. May also be a grower of flowers.

FOR WHAT OCCASIONS DO PEOPLE PURCHASE FLOWERS?

BIRTHDAYS

WEDDINGS

GET WELL, HOSPITAL, ETC…

MOTHER’S DAY

VALENTINE’S DAY

PROMS

FUNERALS

BANQUETS

JUST BECAUSE…

What are a floral shops busiest days? What holidays? What events?

WHAT PRODUCTS AND SERVICES ARE OFFERED BY FLORISTS?

CENTERPIECES

GIFTS

POTTED PLANTS

FUNERAL PIECES: WREATHS, SPRAYS, OTHER ITEMS

NOVELTY ARRANGEMENTS

HOLIDAY WREATHS AND SWAGS

VASE ARRANGEMENTS

HAND-HELD FLOWERS AND ARM BOUQUETS

BALOONS, SILK PLANTS, FLOWERS, ETC…

Delivery and Design!

Types of shops include: Wholesale Retail full service Specialty retail Cash & Carry Mass Market

WHOLESALE FLORIST Link between the grower and the retail florist The wholesaler purchases flowers and supplies from growers and suppliers around the world and sells to local retail shops.

WHOLESALE FLORIST Wholesalers also supply plants, giftware, containers etc.

RETAIL FLORIST Most retail shops are full service A full service shop offers regular and special delivery, set-ups for special events, charge accounts and wire service.

RETAIL FLORIST A retail florist purchases materials from wholesale growers, suppliers, and florists and sell directly to customers Products and services sold include fresh flowers, blooming plants, balloons, novelty giftware, and silk and dried arrangements.

Wholesale vs Retail Florists Only sell to other businesses or institutions, like schools Large Quantities Lower prices Few services No displays Sell to anyone Small quantities Higher prices Many services Displays

SPECIALTY RETAIL SHOP – Targets a specific need in the market by specializing in one segment of the industry These types of shops would specialize in things such as weddings or potted plants. Many times they are located adjacent to a business that provides similar services. Like next to a funeral home. Maybe beside a wedding planner office.

CASH AND CARRY SHOPS Offer a wide variety of flowers by the stem or bunch. Generally do not offer design services. Are often located in high traffic areas such as inside a mall or on the street.

SPECIALTY FLORIST Retail, but without a store. Concentrates on specialty areas such as party work and weddings May operate out of a warehouse or home without a storefront. Most sales are made by appointment or at the customer’s home or business.

MASS-MARKET FLORIST Located in and associated with other businesses such as groceries and chain stores Offer fresh arrangements, potted plants, balloons, flowers and stem, and novelty pieces Usually do not offer delivery or custom design These florists usually depend on unplanned purchases

Now, a little about plants and flowers Plant - Multi-cellular organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis Flowers – reproductive structure on plants. Serve as site of reproduction. Storage of food. (examples: grain, fruits, nuts) Pollination

Two main plant types Plants can be classified based upon physiology, and by the way they grow. We will look at both.

Most plants are put into two main categories: Gymnosperms Includes evergreen cone-bearing plants like pines, spruces, junipers and yews. Foliage generally is needlelike, and they do not have flowers or juicy fruits. Angiosperms All flowering plants & nearly all food plants. Primary identifying characteristic is the flower, which includes a plant ovary, which swells to become the fruit with seeds inside.

Angiosperms are divided into two other groups. Monocots and Dicots

What is a cotyledon? Put in notebook an embryonic leaf in seed-bearing plants, one or more of which are the first leaves to appear from a germinating seed. This is the first seed leaves to appear as the seed germinates. Also known as seed leaves.

Monocots and Dicots Monocots Dicots 1- One cotyledon 1- Two cotyledons 2- Leaves-parallel venation 3- Stems-vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem 4- Flower parts in multiples of 3 5- Fibrous root system Dicots 1- Two cotyledons 2- Leaves-netted venation 3- Stems-bundles arranged in a ring 4- Flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5 5- Taproot system

Put this comparison in your notebook

Annuals, biennials, Perennials Put all three in your notebook! Annuals, biennials, Perennials Annuals – complete their life cycle in one season. Examples: Marigold, Petunias, and many more!

Biennials –complete their life cycle in two seasons Biennials –complete their life cycle in two seasons. (first season vegetative growth, second season reproduce) Examples: Holly Hocks, Fox Glove

Perennials Plants that grow year after year. Examples: Roses, Shasta Daisy

-a means of grouping plants according to their similarities Plant Classification -a means of grouping plants according to their similarities

Botanical System of Classification 7 Categories after Domain

Botanical System of Classification Please put these in your notebook! 1. Kingdom 2. Division or Phylum 3. Class Subclass Put these in your notebook!

Botanical System of Classification 4. Order 5. Family 6. Genus 7. Species

Botanical System of Classification Why do we need this? -clearly id’s plants Universal Latin

Process Of Photosynthesis Goes in the notebook. Process Of Photosynthesis C02+ H2O + sunlight = sugar (C6H12O6)+O2 (occurs in the presence of chloroplasts) Process Of Respiration Sugar (C6H12O6) + O2= CO2 + H2O (releases energy)

Relationship Between Photosynthesis and Respiration 1- A building process (+) 2- Sugars manufactured 3- CO2 is consumed 4- Oxygen is given off 5-Requires light 6-Only takes place in cell containing chlorophyll 7- Sugar is the end product Respiration 1-A destruction process (-) 2- Sugars consumed 3- C02 is given off 4-Oxygen is consumed 5- Goes on day and night 6-Carried on in all cells 7-Energy produced for plant functions is the product

Plant Vegetative Structures Draw a plant in your notebook and label the following parts: Roots Stems Leaves- put a leaf rubbing in the notebook! FRUIT- is the fertilized, developed ovary (fleshy portion of the fruit) Seed- is the matured ovule

♀Female ♂ Male Stamen Protects flower Sepal Receptacle Produces Pollen Usually Colorful and fragrant. Attracts insects and other pollinators Anther Stamen Petal Filament Sticky to catch pollen Supports Anther Stigma Style Pistil Protects flower Transports pollen Sepal Ovary Receptacle ♀Female Holds the flower structure Produces ovules (seeds, embryos)

Flower Anatomy

Parts of a flower

Flower Anatomy - Male Stamen: Male part of flower Filament: Stalk-like object in the stamen that holds up anther Anther: Sack-like structure that contains pollen.

The Pistil Located in the center of the flower Female part Produces female sex cells (eggs or ovules) If fertilized, the eggs become seeds

Parts of the Pistil 3 main parts: Stigma – sticky, catches the pollen Style – tube that leads to the ovary Ovary – eggs develop here, after fertilization the ovary grows to become a fruit or seed coat

Flower Anatomy – Female cont. Ovary: Female reproductive organ Ovule: Reproductive cell which becomes the seed when fertilized by pollen.

Flower Anatomy – neither male or female Petals: Colorful leaf-like structures that attract animals and insects Calyx: When all sepals are fused together

Petals Are actually leaves Generally the most striking part of the flower Bright colors are used to attract insects for pollination

Flower Anatomy – neither male or female Sepals: Green leaves that protect flower before it opens Peduncle: Stem

The Sepals Green, leaf like parts of the flower that cover and protect the flower bud before it is open

Objective 1.4 List and explain the different types of flowers. Complete Incomplete

In your notebooks make four flaps like those below.

Flowers Flower Types: Perfect Flower: Has both male and female parts Imperfect Flower: Flower that is missing either male or female parts Complete Flower: Flowers that have sepals, petals, pistils, and stamens

Flowers Flower Types: Incomplete Flowers: When flower is missing sepals, petals, pistils, or stamen. Imperfect Flowers are always incomplete. Incomplete flowers may or may not be imperfect

Complete Flower

Complete Flower

In our notebooks we will put a picture of each flower and a description, color, floral use, arrangement.