WARM UP: Any questions on test review?

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Presentation transcript:

WARM UP: Any questions on test review? TODAY: Entropy Discussion Topics on Test Additional Time to work on Review Homework: None Test 4/12

Video Notes 2nd Law of Thermodynamics: Any spontaneous process increases the disorder of the universe Spontaneous: Not requiring an outside source of energy to proceed Gibbs Free Energy: The amount of energy in a system that is available to do useful work Formula: ΔG = ΔH – TΔS ΔH>TΔS = enthalpy-driven ΔH<TΔS = entropy-driven Enthalpy driven = flow of thermal energy provides most of the free energy for the reaction Entropy driven = increasing disorder provides most the free energy

Video Notes ΔG State of Reaction - Spontaneous + NonSpontaneous Equilibrium

Entropy (∆S) Entropy is a measure of randomness or disorder.

System is getting more ORDERED, so entropy decreases Entropy in Chemistry In the following equation, is entropy increasing or decreasing? 2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2 H2O (l) 3 moles of GAS 2 moles of LIQUID System is getting more ORDERED, so entropy decreases

Entropy In any spontaneous change, the entropy of the world increases ΔStotal = ΔSsystem + ΔSsurroundings Gibbs Free Energy combines entropy, enthalpy and temperature to determine the spontaneity of a reaction.

Gibbs Free Energy Formula: ΔG = ΔH – T ΔS Used to determine in conditions are “favorable” for a reaction to occur spontaneously. *You will NOT be expected to do calculations with this