Haitian Revolution Unit 4 Section 6 Essential Standards: How the enlightenment ideas and thinkers influenced revolution around the world. I can: identify enlightenment ideas and understand how they caused revolution and change around the world. How revolutions spark change in not only the political realm, but also economically, and socially. Haitian Revolution Unit 4 Section 6

Haitian Revolution (1794) Took place on the Caribbean island of Saint Domingue Richest colony in the world & under French control Produced 40% of France’s foreign trade & supplied 2/5 of the world’s sugar and ½ of the world’s coffee Complex & rigid caste system comprising of whites, free Africans, and slaves

Background Continued Population of the island:25,000 whites & 500,000 Slaves and freed Africans Divided into factions, the 2 biggest were the Grand Blancs (plantation owners of the fertile north part of the island) & the petit blancs (lower class white workers) Modern day Haiti & the Dominican Republic

Causes of the Haitian Revolution Started w/ the beginning of the enlightenment period Over 20 slaves revolts had happened throughout the Caribbean during this time France, in 1789, declared the Declaration of Rights of Man (proclaimed all men as free) Rivalries b/w diff’t sectors of the island

Major Players (Haitian Revolution) Pierre Domingue Toussaint Louverture Leader of forces against Napoleon & the French; expelled all invading forces First governor of Haiti Was well loved & respected by both whites & Africans

Continued Charles Leclerc Napoleon’s brother in law Sent to restore St. Domingue to France & instill slavery again They were defeated & he died of Yellow fever

Short Term Results of the Haitian Revolution Haiti became the first independent non-European state to be carried out of the European empire Created a physiological blow to Europe by calling themselves Haitians which means “black” Guerilla warfare became common in the area & the Europeans began resorting to killing anyone of African decent in sight

Long Term Results of the Haitian Revolution The lowest members of society (slaves) became free, equal, independent citizens The large plantations (latifundia) were replaced by small scale, marginal self sufficient producers Napoleon lost interest in the west & the Haitian Revolution was one reason he sold Louisiana to the United States & many Haitians moved there Haiti agreed to pay 65 million Francs in damages giving them no means by which to become prosperous

Louisiana Purchase Territory

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