Bell ringer Analyze the diagram and explain what you think it may be. It’s OKAY to be wrong. Just think about it. Yes, it’s in Latin.

6.1 The scientific revolution

Setting the stage Renaissance Rebirth of learning sparks curiosity Reformation Challenges previously accepted beliefs Exploration Scholars question what they previously knew about the world

Medieval view Geocentric theory Earth at the center of the universe Idea from Aristotle and Ptolemy Christianity taught that God placed Earth at the center

Scientific revolution New way of thinking about the natural world Willingness to question accepted beliefs What does this picture represent?

Why did it begin? Discoveries in the New World led to new truths Printing press helped spread/challenge ideas Suddenly there was a greater need for Navigational equipment Geographical equipment More research in astronomy and mathematics

Heliocentric theory (HT) Nicholas Copernicus Polish astronomer Discovered HT = sun- centered theory Fear of publishing findings Johannes Kepler Continued Copernicus’ work to confirm HT Mathematical laws govern planetary motion.

Galileo galilei Starry Messenger (1610) Confirmed HT Jupiter had 4 moons, sun had dark spots, and moon had craters Findings threatened Catholic Church Why? Stood trial (1633) and forced to live in house arrest until death

Galileo’s trial

The scientific method Developed after revolution in thinking Problem arises – go through steps – form conclusion Based on work of Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes Experimental method Analytical geometry All modern scientific methods are based on this idea from 1600’s

Bacon and descartes

Isaac newton All physical objects affected equally by same forces Law of universal gravitation published in 1687

Scientific instruments and chemistry Janssen – microscope – 1590 Torricelli – barometer – 1643 Fahrenheit – thermometer using mercury– 1714 Celsius – another thermometer scale – 1742 Boyle – founder of modern chemistry (Boyle’s law) - 1661

Medicine and the human body Vesalius Published observations of human anatomy (1543) Jenner Created smallpox vaccine (late 1700’s)