Separation of mixtures By Dr. Chirie Sumanasekera

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Presentation transcript:

Separation of mixtures By Dr. Chirie Sumanasekera Chapter: 3 Properties of Matter: Separation of mixtures By Dr. Chirie Sumanasekera 9/24/2018

9-24-18 ANONCEMENTS Ch-1: Retake was today at FLEX room during PLT If you missed the 9/21 Ch-2 Summative TEST, you have until the end of the week to take it. Come see me.

Separation of Mixtures Physical Separation of Mixtures

Ways of separating Mixtures: 1. Filtration: Separation of solid or liquid particles based on size through a membrane or filter (filtering coffee or pasta with a colander) 2. Distillation: Used for separating homogeneous compounds in liquid mixtures based on differing boiling points of individual components (Petroleum and alcohol manufacture) 3. Crystallization: Using a super saturated solution to separate one component as an extremely pure solid in crystal form (salt extraction from sea water) 4. Chromatography: A way to separate a mixture of solid or gas particles dissolved in a liquid based on differing mobilities of individual particles (Pigments of a black sharpie pen) 5. Sublimation: A way to separate a mixture of solid by heat causing one to be removed as a gas [ex: a mixture of ice and dry ice (solid CO2)]

Definitions SOLUTE: a substance that is dissolved in a liquid (solvent) SOLVENT: a substance that dissolves a solute resulting in a solution Liquid SOLUTION: Is a homogeneous mixture between a solute and a solvent QUESTION: If Salt is dissolved in water: What is the SOLUTE? What is the SOLVENT What is the SOLUTION? Salt Water Water and salt solution

1. Filtration Filtrate Mixture Membrane (Filter paper) Funnel Solid (Pulp) (RETENTATE) USE: to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid by passing the mixture through a membrane

Distillation: 2. USE: to separate homogeneous liquid mixtures based on differences in boiling point

Evaporation 3. Use: to separate a solute from a solvent by evaporating out the solvent. Solute remains in container at the end, as a solid.

Chromatography: 4. USE: separate a mixture of solid or gas particles dissolved in a liquid based on differing mobilities of individual particles (Pigments of a black sharpie pen)