POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE U.S.

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Presentation transcript:

POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE U.S.

What is a political party? Linkage institution that articulates a set of interests to formally seek public office on federal, state, and local levels Difference between a political party and an interest group?

Understanding parties through a model… Interest Articulation Interest Aggregation Political Parties Interest Groups OUTPUTS LINKAGE INSTITUTIONS Campaigns & Elections Media

WHAT FUNCTIONS DO PARTIES PERFORM? Nominating and electing political elites a) recruiting candidates for office b) getting out the vote c) facilitating mass electoral choice 2. Impact government institutions

The Two-Party System? ONE-PARTY SYSTEM MULTI-PARTY SYSTEM Role of Third or Minor Parties? - ideological - splinter - single issue - protest

CHARACTERISTICS OF AMERICAN POLITICAL PARTY SYSTEM TODAY Decentralized Weak *Why? 1. Decentralized nature of party system 2. Increased regulations by state & federal governments 3. Gov’t recruitment owes little to party identification 4. American political culture 5. Never strong to begin with

ROLE OF PARTIES IN SELECTING PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES OPEN CLOSED BLANKET PRIMARIES THE NATIONAL CONVENTION WINNER OF STATE PRIMARIES AND CAUCUSES GENERALLY RECEIVES THE VOTES OF THE CHOSEN DELEGATES FOR THAT STATE NATIONAL COMMITTEE CAUCUSES Selects time & place of primaries & National Convention # of delegates Rules on how they’re chosen Selected speakers (rising & past stars) shore up the party’s platforms/ideology to the delegates Final speaker is the candidate who won primaries/caucuses Delegate teams from each state vote for candidate to represent the party in the November election

EBB & FLOW OF THE PARTY SYSTEM In the beginning… (1790s-1824) Republicans vs. Federalists Jacksonian Era (1824-1861) Civil War Era (1860s) Progressive Era (late 1800s to early 1900s)

PARTY/CRITICAL REALIGNMENTS - Periods when the “popular coalition” supporting either political party shifts/changes When? Why? Rise of Lincoln Republicans (1860) Republicans Defeat Populist Dems (1896) The New Deal Coalition (1932) Issue? _____________ Republicans? ______________ Democrats? _______________ _______________ Whigs? ___________________ Winner? __________________ Realignment? *Republican North *Democratic South Issue? _____________ Republicans? ______________ Democrats? _______________ Winner? __________________ Realignment? *Republic North *Democratic South & Midwest Issue? _____________ Republicans? ______________ Democrats? _______________ Winner? __________________ Realignment? *Republic North *Democratic South & Midwest

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