Pre-reading activities 德州市第二中学 杜菲

Swarm Intelligence

Reading goals : 1.To understand what swarm intelligence is and identify examples of it. 2.To think more deeply about the relation between human and mother nature.

While-reading activities The style of the passage is ________ A. narration(记叙文) B. exposition(说明文) C. argumentation(议论文)

While-reading activities Match the main ideas with each part Part1(Para.1) lessons Part2(Para.2-4) introduction Part3(Para.5) explanation

While-reading activities(Para. 1) Why shouldn’t we kill ants? Because scientists believe that ants may one day help us solve some serious problems. Tips : it’s a good way to ask questions when introducing a topic , which can catch readers’ attention.

While-reading activities(Para. 2) What are the advantage and disadvantage of ants? advantage: ants live in large groups. disadvantage: they have small brains and no leader.

While-reading activities(Para. 2) What is swarm intelligence? Any one ant doesn’t need to know much; it just needs a few simple rules. When it follows those rules, it becomes one small part of a large group brain . This is called swarm intelligence. The method of explaining something : give a definition(定义). Another method of explaining something : give a\an ____________.(Para.3-4) example

Quiz time A. Choose the correct answer to complete each sentence about swarm intelligence. 1.The activity is always ___for the group’s survival. a. difficult b. good c. fun 2.The members of the group ___ follow the rules. a. always b. sometimes c. never 3.The group is more intelligent than the ___. a. leaders b. members c. other groups 4.There is ___ of the activity. a. a group of leaders b. one leader c. no leader

Quiz time B. Choose the groups that are using swarm intelligence. when you finish , discuss your answers with a partner. Wolves get together to hunt. ___ A group of cattle jumps off a cliff. ___ A group of fish changes direction to get away from a hungry dolphin. ___

While-reading activities(Para. 3) What are the rules? 1.When an ant finds food, it doesn’t eat it. It takes it back to the nest. 2.Ants give off a special smell when they find food. 3.Ants always follow that special smell.

While-reading activities(Para.4) Put the pictures in order bread nest Tips : When you read , it is helpful to make a picture in your head of what the writer is explaining or describing.

describe each picture according to the key words each take ….back to nest. …shortest path, gets first Several… find…

This path …has the strongest smell. It becomes the main path … other …follow the smell ….. When they find …, add ….

While-reading activities(Para. 5) What lessons does human learn from ants? 1. making simple robots , collect information . 2. help us fight cancer and other serious illness.

biomimicry biomimicry

biomimicry : Bio-means life , and mimic means copy. biomimicry is the science of copying living things in the natural world.

inventions by biomimicry

Post-reading activities How to write an exposition? exposition 1.introduction of the topic(by asking a question) 1.definition 2.example 2.two methods of explaining something 3.predictions/conclusion

Post-reading activities Write an exposition biomimicry. biomimicry :Bio-means life , and mimic means copy. biomimicry is the science of copying living things in the natural world.

bird plane

bat radar

beak bullet train

fish boat

Post-reading activities How to write an exposition? exposition 1.introduction of the topic(by asking a question) 1.definition 2.example 2.two methods of explaining something 3.predictions/conclusion