Increased amount of atrial fibrosis in patients with atrial fibrillation secondary to mitral valve disease Guillaume S.C. Geuzebroek, MD, Shirley C.M.

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Increased amount of atrial fibrosis in patients with atrial fibrillation secondary to mitral valve disease Guillaume S.C. Geuzebroek, MD, Shirley C.M. van Amersfoorth, RA, Mark G. Hoogendijk, MD, PhD, Johannes C. Kelder, MD, PhD, Norbert M. van Hemel, MD, PhD, Jacques M.T. de Bakker, PhD, Ruben Coronel, MD, PhD The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 144, Issue 2, Pages 327-333 (August 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.09.022 Copyright © 2012 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Picrosirius red staining of a 4-μM section from the LAA at 10× magnification. Fibrous tissue is stained red, and (atrial) myocardium is stained yellow-orange. Background, perivascular, endocardial fibrosis, and epicardial fibrosis are excluded from quantification (grey areas). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2012 144, 327-333DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.09.022) Copyright © 2012 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Amount of fibrous tissue in LAA and RAA per group. Perivascular, endocardial fibrosis, and epicardial fibrosis were excluded. Values are given as percentage with the standard error of the mean (error bars). ∗P < .05. LAA, Left atrial appendage; RAA, right atrial appendage; AF, atrial fibrillation; MVD, mitral valve disease. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2012 144, 327-333DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.09.022) Copyright © 2012 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Scatter plots of different continuous variables in relation with the amount of interstitial fibrosis in the LAA or RAA. Other continuous variables that correlated significantly with the amount of fibrosis, but not displayed, are as follows: LVEDD: RAA; r = 0.21, P = .03, LAA; r = 0.28, P < .01. Right ventricular systolic pressure: RAA; r = 0.27, P = .02, LAA; r = 0.34, P < .01. Systolic pulmonary artery pressure: RAA; r = 0.25, P = .02, LAA; r = 0.30, P < .01. LAA, Left atrial appendage; RAA, right atrial appendage. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2012 144, 327-333DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.09.022) Copyright © 2012 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions