War Begins – The Schlieffen Plan

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Presentation transcript:

War Begins – The Schlieffen Plan Two Parts: [1] Quick defeat of France, & then [2] Cooperate with Austria-Hungary against Russia

Austro-Hungarian Atrocities Committed against the Serbians “Rape of Belgium” As the German Military moved through Belgium, covert attacks are conducted on German forces entering Belgium; thus in response, entire civilian populations were punished. Austro-Hungarian Atrocities Committed against the Serbians ** Trans-Atlantic Cable cut!!! Austro-Hungarian Empire publicized their executions of Serbian civilians.

Battle of Tannenberg, Aug. 1914 Germany stopped Russian advance into Germany A German victory, but more importantly, before this battle, Germany has to fortify the Eastern Front. Russian POW’s

First Battle of the Marne, Sept. 1914 - German advance stopped, “Race to the Sea” began, as well as trench warfare

“Race to the Sea,” Sept – Oct, 1914 - France & Britain, as well as Germany, attempt to outflank each other

First Battle of Ypres, Oct. – Nov. 1914 - The end of the “Race to the Sea” & trench warfare is established throughout western Europe

“Centennial of a Calamity” (handout) ** Highlight answers to these in the handout … (1) What advances in military technology play a major role? (2) What was the tactical countermove in response to artillery and machine guns? (3) What were the consequences of sinking the Lusitania? (4) What two calamities eclipsed the First World War?

Artillery Machine guns Planes Tanks

THE ROAD TO WAR (handout) Impact of the Lusitania (May, 1915) Lusitania warning (Cobb Heritage Centre, England; photo by Larry O. Nighswander/NGS) The Lusitania in New York City (Library of Congress) The Lusitania in New York City (Library of Congress) (Brinkley); Lusitania warning; Though New York newspapers carried warnings from the German embassy about the dangers of transatlantic travel, the passengers who boarded the Lusitania on May 1, 1915, probably did not imagine themselves in serious danger from submarine attack. The ship was sunk on May 7. Of the 1,959 passengers and crewmembers, 1,198 died, including 128 Americans. (Cobb Heritage Centre, England; photo by Larry O. Nighswander/NGS); Pageant 13e

Gallipoli Campaign, Feb. 1915 – Jan. 1916 - Allied powers attempted invasion, in order to secure supply lines for Russia and knock Ottoman-Empire out of the war. - Massive failure.