Thomas Jefferson Wrote the DOI - the most famous line in Politics True believer in the Enlightenment Natural Rights, free speech, freedom of religion Yet, was also a slave owner 2nd Vice President, 3rd President He was also a diplomat, lawyer, architect, writer, farmer, gentleman scientist. Founded the University of Virginia (delineate means to describe)

What were the effects of the American Revolution?

Allies help the American’s Win the War Colonists struggle with supplies and weather. Lose multiple battles. But they were MOTIVATED to win! France, Spain and the Dutch send money, troops and supplies to help France sends so much money that it puts a huge strain on the country’s finances (in about 10 years it’s going to be a BIG problem for the King) After 6 years of fighting, the British surrender to Washington at Yorktown ending the War The Marquis de Lafayette helped the American Army and named his son Georges Washington

Treaty of Paris Ends the War Britain “acknowledges the United States' existence as free, sovereign, and independent state remains in force.” Allowed the US to expand it’s borders – Britain looked at is as an opportunity to continue trading with an even bigger U.S. ($$$) If the US is expanding its border, especially in the south, what will be a negative effect?

America Becomes a Republic Articles of Confederation States would hold a majority of the power Weak central government No three branches of government These limits caused problems Could not levy taxes Could not regulate trade All states were viewed “equally” regardless of size and population States started putting taxes on products from other states

2nd Attempt – A New Constitution 1787 the need for a stronger central government became apparent Brought together men who were believers in the Enlightenment (Locke, Montesquieu, Rousseau) Balance between a strong national government and states rights To prevent one person from getting too much power, they established three branches of gov’t and checks and balances

Bill of Rights Brings the Enlightenment to Life Different political parties debated the Constitution Continued conflict over the balance between states rights and central government Used the ideas of Voltaire, Locke, Beccaria and Rousseau to create the “Bill of Rights” Protected basic “natural rights” such as freedom of speech, religion, criminal justice system

America Inspires the French The Revolution, DOI, Constitution and Bill of Rights brought the Enlightenment to LIFE People in other countries (France) were optimistic that these reforms could happen there BUT in the US Revolution was only about the GOVERNMENT and not society (slavery, the rights of women, poor/wealthy were not dealt with) The French Revolution will look to change EVRYTHING - monarchy, social system and government. This will be much more difficult – and bloody – than the American Revolution. (Economic, Social, Government changes)