Bacteria Classification By: Erin Kelly, Dan Schmid, and Ally Swartz

Overview The two kingdoms of bacteria Prokaryotic cell Positives and negatives of bacteria  Ways to control bacteria  Classification of cells Structure and the way they move

Kingdom of prokaryotes ek Kingdom of prokaryotes Bacteria and Archaea are the two domains   Locations Bacteria lives almost everywhere Archaea live in harsh enviorments

ek Bacteria Both Anchaea The walls have peptidoglycan Have cell walls DNA sequence is more like eukaryotes Have fligella Lack nuclei Produce methane gas Equally small

ek Cell wall- provides structural support and protecti on Cell membrane-  provides support and protection for cell Peptidoglycan-  gives strength to the outer structure of organism. Ribosome- protein factory

ek Flagellum- allows cell to move DNA- long term information source Phili-  attach bacterial cells to other cells

How bacteria benefits us Waste decomposition Creates Amino and Nucleic acids Nutrient builders  Pollution fighters DS

How Bacteria is harmful to us Causes diseases by killing living cells  Can cause tissue damage  Release toxins Releases chemicals that upset Homeostasis  DS

Pathogens Type of bacteria Bloodborne, airborne, and foodborne Five main types: Viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and worms DS

Ways to control bacteria Physical removal Disinfection Food storage  Food processing Sterilization DS

Bacteria and Archaea Bacteria or Archaea—two of the three domains of life Bacteria domain corresponds to kingdom Eubacteria; Archaea corresponds to Archaebacteria Bacteria usually surrounded by a cell, protects from injury, determines its shape; some have a second membrane or flagella Archaea + Bacteria equally small, lack nuclei, contain cell walls Archaea key genes of DNA sequence alike those of eukaryotes rather than bacteria; lacks peptidoglycan + membranes contain diff. lipids

Size and Function Range in size from 1—5 micrometers Much smaller than most eukaryotic cells Stores energy in the form of fuel molecules such as sugars Some species can change method of energy capture/release (depending on environment conditions) Grow up to double their size Replicates DNA after growing and divides in ½ . . . producing two identical cells When growth conditions unfavorable, many form an endospore (thick, internal wall enclosing DNA

Shapes of Bacteria Variety of shapes Bacilli: rod-shaped Cocci: spherical Spirilla: spiral and corkscrew- shaped Shapes of Bacteria

Movement of Cells Some don’t move at all Others propelled by flagella Some glide slowly along the slime- like material they secrete During favorable conditions, prokaryotes can grow +divide at very fast rates Exchange genetic information during Conjugation—where genetic material moves from 1 cell to the other

Where does the bacteria archea live? A. Harsh environments B. Tundra's C. Desert D. Bodies of water Answer A. Harsh environments

What is the function of the cell membrane? A. Send and receives messages B. Protein factory C. Provides support and protection for cell D. Stores information Answer: C. Provides support and protection for cell

ABC question one for bacteria Which of the following is not a type of bacteria or pathogen  A: Virus  B: airborne  C: Worms  D: Gasborne  Answer : D, gasborne    DS

ABC question two bacteria How many main types of bacteria are there  A: 7 B: 3  C: 5 D: 4 Answer: c, 5 DS

What's the thick, internal wall many Prokaryotic cells form that encloses its DNA? A. Conjugation B. Endospore C. Binary fission D. Peptidoglycan Endospore

What's the range of Prokaryotic cell sizes? A. 5-10 micrometers B. 2-4 millimeters C. 1-5 micrometers D. 1-5 millimeters 1-5 micrometers

Overview The two kingdoms of bacteria Prokaryotic cell Positives and negatives of bacteria  Ways to control bacteria Classification of cells Structure and the way they move