The Industrial Revolution 3.07 Evaluate the effects of colonialism on Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Europe. 4.04 Examine the causes and effects of the Russian Revolution and its effect on Russia and the world. 4.05 Evaluate the causes and effectiveness of nineteenth and twentieth century nationalistic movements that challenged European domination in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. 5.01 Analyze the causes and course of World War I and assess its consequences.

The Industrial Revolution in Britain Factors in Great Britain becoming the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution: Agriculture becomes more efficient = cheaper food Enclosure movement causes more people to move to cities = large labor force Wealthy merchants had a lot of money to invest in factories Entrepreneurs devised new business methods Britain had a lot of natural resources (coal, iron, water) Colonies gave access to raw materials

The Industrial Revolution in Britain Spinning jenny and flying shuttle allowed cotton cloth to be made more quickly and cheaply James Watt modified his steam engine to drive machinery. Factory owners wanted to use their machinery constantly, so laborers worked in shifts and machines ran continuously. Child labor was common. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUBPqCa-tiE Railroads were a key component of the Industrial Revolution and led to ongoing economic growth

The Mills http://www.learn360.com/ShowVideo.aspx?SearchText=industrial+revolution&MediaFormat=3360062&ID=130822

The Industrial Revolution in the US http://www.learn360.com/ShowVideo.aspx?SearchText=industrial+revolution&MediaFormat=3360062&TagID=3336471&ID=131293

Inventors/ Innovations Robert Fulton: Invention: steam boat Impact: increased speed John Deere: Invention: steel plow Impact: allowed farming of hard to farm areas Cyrus McCormick: Invention: mechanical reaper Impact: quicker harvest Eli Whitney: Invention: interchangeable parts Impact: increased use of factories in US North, helped increase use of mass produced goods Invention: cotton gin Impact: increased use of slaves in US South

Inventors/ Innovations Alexander Graham Bell: Invention: telephone Impact: quicker communication Thomas Edison: Invention: electric light bulb Impact: could work after dark Samuel Morse: Invention: telegraph Henry Ford: Innovation: assembly line for cars Impact: cut down cost and time

Factories Workers: poor, in US often were immigrants Working Conditions: long hours, dangerous, no workers compensation, low pay, child labor Solutions: labor unions, limited government intervention, newspaper involvement

New Political Ideas Communism Socialism Theory of Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels Blamed industrial capitalism for the horrible conditions of industrial factories Predicted an overthrow of the upper/middle class by the workers Workers would: Control the government and the means of production Abolish social/economic classes Socialism Public ownership of the factors of production Believed it would allow wealth to be more evenly distributed

Growing Cities Cities across the world continued to grow, especially as more people moved from rural areas Some improvements were made to make the cities better including: Building & Health Inspectors Sewage Systems Availability of clean water

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Changes for Women Working: New jobs outside of the home opened with the 2nd Industrial Revolution Marriage & Family: In much of the industrialized world women were still expected to center their life around marriage and children Rights: During the 1800’s some women began to argue for women’s rights to own property and to divorce their husband By the mid 1800’s women also began to fight for the right to vote

Leisure With changes in technology and life in the cities came new opportunities for leisure activities Literacy rates also began to rise

Racism Social Darwinism: Anti-Semitism Racism in the US Applied Darwin’s theory of natural selection to humans Used by some nations as justification for imperialism Used by some people as justification for racism Anti-Semitism Continued throughout Europe Some Jews began the Zionist movement as a way to combat this persecution, calling for a separate Jewish homeland in Palestine Racism in the US After the Civil War racism continued to be a problem in the US With the end of Reconstruction the South passed segregation or Jim Crow laws which continued until the mid 1900s