Wei Wang National Astronomical Observatories, Beijing

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Presentation transcript:

Correlation studies between ultra-high energy cosmic rays and Fermi gamma-ray sources Wei Wang National Astronomical Observatories, Beijing Collaborations: Jiang, Y.Y, Han,J.L August 11, 2011 ICRC2011, Beijing

? sun Galactic origin(?) SNe pulsars microqusars Spectra of cosmic rays Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) (above 1019 eV) Origin in dispute Possible extra-galactic origins: AGN (Blazars) GRB … ?

Our aims Correlation between UHECRs and gamma-ray sources? - connection among the highest-energy phenomena in the Universe The deflection effects of the Galactic magnetic fields on arriving directions of UHECRs and the effects on correlation studies

Fermi/LAT gamma-ray sources 1451 sources (EGRET 270): 690 AGNs; 630 un-id sources

UHECR Events Auger: 27 events E>57 EeV updated to 69 events (up to 2010) AGASA: 57 events E>40 EeV Yakutsk: 51 events E>40 EeV

Galactic magnetic field model We construct a toy model using the most updated measurements Three components: disk field: magnetic fields are reversed from arms to inter-arms halo dipole poloidal field toroidal field

Disk field B_sun 2.1μG

Halo field Toroidal filed Dipole poloidal field B_GC~ 1 mG B_sun ~ 0.2 μG B ~ 1 μG

Deflection maps

UHECR arriving direction correction by the GMF (assuming proton composition)

Deflection angle Proton composition 135 events Average deflection angle < 4o

Correlation studies Angular correlation function Only consider the events and sources |b|>10° Counting the UHECR-source pair with function of bin-size of angle (from 0 – 10o)

Chance probability evaluations MC simulations Simulated UHECRs are isotropic Distributions of location constrained by exposure function of each experiments A large number of the UHECR samples (N=106), each sample has the same number of events as the real sample

Nearby VCV AGNs (z<0.024) For Gamma-ray AGN Z<0.024 Marginal correlation between Auger events and Fermi gamma-ray sources (4σ)

For known AGNs, z<0.024

UHECRs – nearby gamma-ray AGNs After deflection correlation by GMFs, 4 nearby gamma-ray AGNs (z<0.024) are located within 3o of the direction of UHECRs.

Potential UHECR candidates Cen A: nearest radio galaxy, radio lobes, X-ray jets NGC 4945: Seyfert 2 /starburst galaxy; non-thermal jet-like morphology ESO 323-G77: Seyfert 1 galaxy; mildly relativistic outflows in X-rays; strong Fe II emission; broadening Fe Kα line, implying a Kerr BH in the nuclei NGC 6951: LINER galaxy; a bipolar outflow associated with the nuclear jet

Summary The updated GMF model is applied to calculate the deflection effect of UHECRs; After considering the deflection correction, the correlation between nearby VCV AGNs and Auger events still exist; The Auger events show a marginal correlation with the Fermi gamma-ray sources; Four nearby gamma-ray loud AGNs (Cen A, NGC 4945, ESO 323-G77, NGC 6951) are potential candidates for production sites of UHECRs; Unidentified gamma-ray sources could be interesting candidates.

Summary We have assumed the proton composition in UHECRs in correlation studies; If composition dominated by heavier ions, even iron nuclei, the deflection angle by GMFs will be larger than 20 deg. The correlation studies are not available yet; However, in this case, all UHECRs may relate to nearby gamma-ray loud AGNs, like Cen A, NGC 4945, ESO 323-G77, NGC 6951.