Issue: Number of tests OIL#27 WLTP-07-10e WLTP Open Issue Phase 1B Issue: Number of tests OIL#27 Starting note Geneva june, 2014 .

Current state – R83 procedure If the emission result is above 70% of its limit value  second test If second test is above 85 % of its limit value  third test Up to three tests are necessary to show compliance with the limits gtr Annex 6, 1.1.1.2. Figure A6/1

Motivation • With the R83 procedure it is possible to type approve a vehicle with only one measurement. Therefore, measurements close to the emission limits had to be double checked. • For WLTP type approvals, vehicles will be tested several times: •Twice as TML- and TMH-vehicle for the interpolation of CO2 values (type I) •Once for a family in the ATCT • In the eurpopean WLTP type approval process compliance with the limits has to be shown two to three times, regardless of the measured level in relation to the emission limit. • Additional measurements required by values close to the emission limits (R83 procedure) provide no higher significance / only statistical information.

proposal • ICE vehicles: 1.1.1.2. of annex 6 If the emissions are above 90 % of the respective pollutant emission limit, compliance with the limits shall be demonstrated with a second Type I test for vehicles in one CO2 vehicle family. Each test shall comply with the pollutant emission limits. Compliance has to be shown with at least two of the following tests • Type 1 test TML-configuration • Type 1 test TMH-configuration • Requirement for PHEV vehicles: “Each CD and CS test shall comply with the pollutant emission limits.” For Charge Depleting tests of PHEV: “The paragraph shown in §1.1.1.2. of annex 6 shall not be applied for the emission evaluation in case of OVCHEV Charge Depleting testing.“

Procedure • Rejected Accepted Source: UTAC N o TMH Test 1 R1TMH > L Yes No Combined approach R1TMH > 0,9 L Test 2 R2TMH > L Accepted TML RTML > L Test N o • Source: UTAC

Justification • The structure of future regulation delivers a clear picture of the emission compliance of a tested family through various types of emission tests. It is required to meet the standards with Type I Tests at 23 °C with TMH and TML and with ATCT at 14 °C (Europe). These family based approach of emission compliance verification no longer requires the averaging of emission results Ri as of R83: (Ri1 + Ri2 + Ri3)/3 < L  WLTP: Each test shall comply with the criteria pollutant emission limits. • No criteria in Japan: Every test below 100% of the respective limits is valid • The 90 % criteria follows the requirement of the EPA of an additional test, if the level of 90 % of the respective standard is reached (so called high cert level) • This approach covers Type I tests of all vehicle with ICE and PHEV

Anzahl der Teste – Position VDA Anzahl der Emissionsteste steigt mit Einführung WLTP um den Faktor 3. (Fahrzeug H, Fahrzeug L, 14° Test) Fahrzeuge weisen damit mehrfach im Rahmen der Typprüfung die Einhaltung der Grenzwerte nach. Zusätzliche Tests bei CoP und In Service Conformity. Messtechnik ist heute sehr stabil und genau – hohe Reproduzierbarkeit VDA Position: CO2-Familie muss mit zwei Testen bei High Cert Level (> 90 % vom Grenzwert einer limitierten Komponente) Grenzwerte nachweisen. Gleicher Prozess in einer CO2-Familie nur bei Charge Sustaining Procedure, nicht bei Charge Depleting Testabläufen. 12.04.2019 VDA Position

BACKUP

CAP 2000 guidance • US High cert level: High emission levels. Any certification level (test level adjusted by the deterioration factor , or test level with aged components installed) is 90 % or more above the applicable standard. If more than one test was performed for any procedure, only the last test is considered for this criterion.