Braslunio Cromlinau Curve Sketching @mathemateg /adolygumathemateg.

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Braslunio Cromlinau Curve Sketching @mathemateg /adolygumathemateg

Braslunio Cromlinau / Curve Sketching Wrth lunio braslun ar gyfer graff o ffwythiant, dylech ddangos nodweddion allweddol y ffwythiant. Y siâp cyffredinol, yn cynnwys unrhyw gymesuredd. Y rhyngdoriadau 𝑥 ag 𝑦. Gallwch ddefnyddio cyfrifiannell graffigol i’ch helpu fraslunio’r graff. Efallai bydd ffactorio’r ffwythiant yn eich helpu darganfod y rhyngdoriadau. Bydd yn ddefnyddiol cofio siâp ffwythiannau cyffredin, a sut mae trawsffurfiadau graffiau yn effeithio’r siâp. Gall datrysiadau pâr o hafaliadau cydamserol gael eu dangos fel croestoriadau’r graffiau. When sketching a graph of a function, you should aim to show the key features of the function. Its general shape, including any symmetry. The 𝑥 and 𝑦 intercepts. You can use a graphical calculator to help with sketching the graph. Factorising the function may help in finding the intercepts. It will be useful to memorise the shape of some common functions, and how graph transformations affect the shape. The solutions to a pair of simultaneous equations can be shown as the intersection of both graphs.

Rhai Ffwythiannau Cyffredin / Some Common Functions 𝑦= 𝑥 2 Ffwythiant cwadratig / A quadratic function. Siâp “U” / “U” shaped. Yn gymesur o amgylch yr echelin–𝑦 / Symmetric about the 𝑦–axis. www.desmos.com/calculator Mae gan 𝑦= 𝑥 4 siâp tebyg. / 𝑦= 𝑥 4 has a similar shape.

Rhai Ffwythiannau Cyffredin / Some Common Functions 𝑦=𝑎 𝑥 2 +𝑏𝑥+𝑐, 𝑎>0 Yn gymesur o amgylch y llinell / Symmetric about the line 𝑥=− 𝑏 2𝑎 . 𝑦=𝑎 𝑥 2 +𝑏𝑥+𝑐, 𝑎<0 Yn gymesur o amgylch y llinell / Symmetric about the line 𝑥=− 𝑏 2𝑎 . Pwynt macsimwm / Maximum point Pwynt minimwm / Minimum point

Rhai Ffwythiannau Cyffredin / Some Common Functions 𝑦=𝑎 𝑥 2 +𝑏𝑥+𝑐, 𝑎>0 Ar ôl cwblhau’r sgwâr / After completing the square: 𝑦=𝑎 (𝑥+𝑝) 2 +𝑞 Y pwynt minimwm yw / The minimum point is (−𝑝,𝑞). Yn gymesur o amgylch y llinell / Symmetric about the line 𝑥=−𝑝 neu / or 𝑥=− 𝑏 2𝑎 . 𝑦=𝑎 𝑥 2 +𝑏𝑥+𝑐, 𝑎<0 Ar ôl cwblhau’r sgwâr / After completing the square: 𝑦=𝑎 (𝑥+𝑝) 2 +𝑞 Y pwynt macsimwm yw / The maximum point is (−𝑝,𝑞). Yn gymesur o amgylch y llinell / Symmetric about the line 𝑥=−𝑝 neu / or 𝑥=− 𝑏 2𝑎 . Pwynt macsimwm / Maximum point Pwynt minimwm / Minimum point

Rhai Ffwythiannau Cyffredin / Some Common Functions 𝑦= 𝑥 3 Ffwythiant ciwbig / A cubic function. Siâp “S” / “S” shaped. www.desmos.com/calculator Mae gan 𝑦= 𝑥 5 siâp tebyg. / 𝑦= 𝑥 5 has a similar shape.

Rhai Ffwythiannau Cyffredin / Some Common Functions 𝑦=𝑎 𝑥 3 +𝑏 𝑥 2 +𝑐𝑥+𝑑, 𝑎>0 neu / or 𝑦=𝑎 𝑥 3 +𝑏 𝑥 2 +𝑐𝑥+𝑑, 𝑎<0 neu / or Pwynt macsimwm / Maximum point Pwynt ffurfdro / Inflection point Pwynt macsimwm / Maximum point Pwynt ffurfdro / Inflection point Pwynt minimwm / Minimum point Pwynt minimwm / Minimum point

Rhai Ffwythiannau Cyffredin / Some Common Functions 𝑦= 1 𝑥 Ffwythiant cilyddol / A reciprocal function. Heb ei ddiffinio ar gyfer 𝑥=0 / Not defined for 𝑥=0. Mae’r echelinau 𝑥 ag 𝑦 yn asymptotau / The 𝑥 and 𝑦 axes are asymptotes. www.desmos.com/calculator

Rhai Ffwythiannau Cyffredin / Some Common Functions 𝑦= 1 𝑥 2 Ffwythiant cilyddol / A reciprocal function. Heb ei ddiffinio ar gyfer 𝑥=0 / Not defined for 𝑥=0. Mae’r echelinau 𝑥 ag 𝑦 yn asymptotau / The 𝑥 and 𝑦 axes are asymptotes. www.desmos.com/calculator

Rhai Ffwythiannau Cyffredin / Some Common Functions 𝑦=𝑚𝑥+𝑐 Ffwythiant llinol / A linear function. Graddiant 𝑚 / Gradient 𝑚. Rhyngdoriad–𝑦 yn (0,c) / 𝑦–intercept at 0,𝑐 . (0,2) (− 2 3 ,0) www.desmos.com/calculator 𝑦=3𝑥+2

Graff Cyfrannedd Union / Direct Proportion Graph 𝑦∝𝑥 𝑦=𝑘𝑥 Ffwythiant llinol / A linear function. Graddiant 𝑘 / Gradient 𝑘. Rhyngdoriad–𝑦 yn (0,0) / 𝑦–intercept at 0,0 . www.desmos.com/calculator 𝑦=𝑘𝑥

Graff Cyfrannedd Gwrthdro / Inverse Proportion Graph 𝑦∝ 1 𝑥 𝑦= 𝑘 𝑥 Ffwythiant cilyddol / A reciprocal function. Mae’r echelinau 𝑥 ag 𝑦 yn asymptotau / The 𝑥 and 𝑦 axes are asymptotes. 𝑦= 𝑘 𝑥 www.desmos.com/calculator

Graff Cyfrannedd Gwrthdro / Inverse Proportion Graph 𝑦 𝑦∝ 1 𝑥 𝑦= 𝑘 𝑥 Ffwythiant cilyddol / A reciprocal function. Wrth blotio 𝑦 yn erbyn 1 𝑥 cawn ffwythiant llinol sydd efo graddiant 𝑘. By plotting 𝑦 against 1 𝑥 we obtain a linear function with gradient 𝑘. 𝑦= 𝑘 𝑥 1 𝑥 www.desmos.com/calculator