How many cells do you think could fit on the head of a pin?

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Presentation transcript:

How many cells do you think could fit on the head of a pin? About 1,600 average-sized cells!

What is a cell? The smallest unit of matter that can carry out all the processes of life Basic unit of all living things!

Molecules and Compounds Building up to cells Atoms Molecules and Compounds Organelles Cells

A little bit of history

Robert Hooke (1665) Cork under microscope Called spaces “cells” Was actually dead outer walls of tree bark cells

Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1673) Made microscopes with better magnification First person to observe living cells Spirogyra

Cell Theory The work of Hooke and Leeuwenhoek led to the cell theory- has 3 parts

In “normal talk,” what does “theory” mean? “I have a theory about ____” To have a hunch To have an idea

In “Science Talk,” theories: Supported by evidence, not hunches Can never be proven- only disproven

Cell Theory All life forms are made of one or more cells. Cells only arise from pre-existing cells. The cell is the basic unit of life.

At your table: For each part of the cell theory, draw a picture to illustrate the statement. All life forms are made of one or more cells. Cells only arise from pre-existing cells. The cell is the basic unit of life.

Why are cells so special? Able to differentiate Stem cell = general, unspecialized cell Becomes specialized with time Examples: skin cells, macrophage cells, neurons

Differentiation

Why else are cells so special? Have divisions of labor- they are organized. Organelles (“little organs”) are in cells Nucleus, mitochondria, etc. Have unique jobs One main goal: to keep cell alive

Divisions of Labor Car factory: Cells: Workers have specific jobs to get things done efficiently Common goal: to build a car Cells: Organelles have specific jobs to get things done efficiently Common goal: to keep the cell alive

Why can’t we have big cells? Limited by surface area to volume ratio Cells need to get things in/out through their membranes If cells were huge, it would be harder to get stuff in/out (bigger distance to cover) We’ll explore this in more depth shortly…

Be ready to answer! Name What did Robert Hooke do?

Be ready to answer! What was Anton van Leeuwenhoek the first to see? Name What was Anton van Leeuwenhoek the first to see?

Be ready to answer! Read the statement: A scientist has one cell in a petri dish. When she (or he) comes back, there are now two cells in the dish. Which part of the cell theory does this represent? Name

Be ready to answer! Read the statement: Name Read the statement: A rock has no cells, therefore it is not alive. Which part of the cell theory does this represent?

Be ready to answer! Name What is the other part of the cell theory that hasn’t been mentioned yet?

Be ready to answer! Explain “differentiation.” Name

Be ready to answer! What does it mean when someone says that cells have divisions of labor? Name