Three-Dimensional Printing of Models for Preoperative Planning and Simulation of Transcatheter Valve Replacement Daniel Schmauss, MD, Christoph Schmitz, MD, Amir Koshrow Bigdeli, MD, Stefan Weber, Dr-Ing, Nicholas Gerber, MS, Andres Beiras- Fernandez, MD, Florian Schwarz, MD, Christoph Becker, MD, Christian Kupatt, MD, Ralf Sodian, MD The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 93, Issue 2, Pages e31-e33 (February 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.09.031 Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions
Fig 1 (A) Computed tomographic scan of the aortic annulus and the distances between coronary arteries and the aortic annulus. (B) Right coronary artery. (C) Left coronary artery. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2012 93, e31-e33DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.09.031) Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions
Fig 2 Segmentation of the aortic wall. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2012 93, e31-e33DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.09.031) Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions
Fig 3 (A) Three-dimensional model of the calcified aortic wall in white and the ‘normal’ aortic wall in red. (B) Aortic root including aortic leaflets, coronary arteries and ascending aorta. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2012 93, e31-e33DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.09.031) Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions
Fig 4 Physical three-dimensional model of the porcelain aorta. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2012 93, e31-e33DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.09.031) Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions
Fig 5 Simulation of the intervention with the flexible three-dimensional model of the aortic root and a transcatheter-aortic-valve. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2012 93, e31-e33DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.09.031) Copyright © 2012 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions