Carbon Carbon is the basis of all organic compounds Carbon can make 4 bonds +

Building Organic Compounds The building blocks of organic compounds are monomers which make up polymers. How are monomers similar to links in a chain?

Carbohydrates Major Organic Compounds

Carbohydrates are organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio 1:2:1 (carbon:hydrogen:oxygen) CARBOHYDRATES are organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio 1:2:1 (carbon:hydrogen:oxygen) are made by plants are the body’s primary source of energy come in two basic forms: monomers and polymers

are made by plants (autotrophs) Carbohydrates are made by plants (autotrophs) CARBOHYDRATES are organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio 1:2:1 (carbon:hydrogen:oxygen) are made by plants are the body’s primary source of energy come in two basic forms: monomers and polymers

are the body’s primary source of energy Carbohydrates are the body’s primary source of energy CARBOHYDRATES are organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio 1:2:1 (carbon:hydrogen:oxygen) are made by plants are the body’s primary source of energy come in two basic forms: monomers and polymers

are made of monomers (building blocks) called monosaccharides Carbohydrates are made of monomers (building blocks) called monosaccharides CARBOHYDRATES are organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio 1:2:1 (carbon:hydrogen:oxygen) are made by plants are the body’s primary source of energy come in two basic forms: monomers and polymers

Carbohydrates come in three basic forms: monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide CARBOHYDRATES are organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio 1:2:1 (carbon:hydrogen:oxygen) are made by plants are the body’s primary source of energy come in two basic forms: monomers and polymers

Monosaccharides (simple sugars) are easily identified by their sweet taste. Glucose is a monosaccharide. C6H12O6 (draws a glucose molecule) Other examples of monosaccharides: fructose (fruit sugar) and galactose (milk sugar). Note the ring shape of the molecule.

Glucose is a monosaccharide. Other monosaccharides: fructose (fruit sugar) galactose (milk sugar). C6 H12 O6 MONOSACCHARIDES (simple sugars) are easily identified by their sweet taste. Glucose is a monosaccharide. C6H12O6 (draws a glucose molecule) Other examples of monosaccharides: fructose (fruit sugar) and galactose (milk sugar). Note the ring shape of the molecule.

Note the ring shape of the molecule. CH2OH O OH C MONOSACCHARIDES (simple sugars) are easily identified by their sweet taste. Glucose is a monosaccharide. C6H12O6 (draws a glucose molecule) Other examples of monosaccharides: fructose (fruit sugar) and galactose (milk sugar). Note the ring shape of the molecule.

Disaccharides are made of two monosaccharides together. POLYSACCHARIDES are complex carbohydrates made of long chains of monosaccharides. Starches (bread, cereals, and pastas) and cellulose (plant cell walls) are common sources of complex carbs. (draws a 3-ring polysaccharide molecule) Sucrose is an example of a sugar with only two monosaccharides.

Lactose (found in dairy products), sucrose (table sugar), and maltose are examples of disaccharides. POLYSACCHARIDES are complex carbohydrates made of long chains of monosaccharides. Starches (bread, cereals, and pastas) and cellulose (plant cell walls) are common sources of complex carbs. (draws a 3-ring polysaccharide molecule) Sucrose is an example of a sugar with only two monosaccharides.

Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates made of long chains of monosaccharides. Starches (bread, cereals, and pastas) and cellulose (plant cell walls) are common sources of complex carbs. (draws a 3-ring polysaccharide molecule) Sucrose is an example of a sugar with only two monosaccharides.

Starches (bread, cereals, and pastas) and cellulose (plant cell walls) are common sources of complex carbohydrates. O CH2OH H OH C POLYSACCHARIDES are complex carbohydrates made of long chains of monosaccharides. Starches (bread, cereals, and pastas) and cellulose (plant cell walls) are common sources of complex carbs. (draws a 3-ring polysaccharide molecule) Sucrose is an example of a sugar with only two monosaccharides.

Stored as starch in plants. POLYSACCHARIDES are complex carbohydrates made of long chains of monosaccharides. Starches (bread, cereals, and pastas) and cellulose (plant cell walls) are common sources of complex carbs. (draws a 3-ring polysaccharide molecule) Sucrose is an example of a sugar with only two monosaccharides.

Stored as glycogen in animals(in muscles and liver) . POLYSACCHARIDES are complex carbohydrates made of long chains of monosaccharides. Starches (bread, cereals, and pastas) and cellulose (plant cell walls) are common sources of complex carbs. (draws a 3-ring polysaccharide molecule) Sucrose is an example of a sugar with only two monosaccharides.

Carbohydrates Elements: C, H, O Monomers: Monosaccharide Structure: Glucose (C6H12O6)

Carbohydrates Carbohydrates have 3 monomers: -Glucose -Fructose -Galactose “ose” indicates sugar What would this tell you about the taste of monosaccharides?

Building Carbohydrates

Building Carbohydrates

Building Carbohydrates

Building Carbohydrates

Building Carbohydrates

Building Carbohydrates

Building Carbohydrates

Building Carbohydrates

Building Carbohydrates

Building Carbohydrates Would this compound taste sweet as well? The process of bonding 2 monosaccharides together is called dehydration synthesis. 2 or more monosaccharides bonded together is called a disaccharide. C H O C H O H O H2O

Building Carbohydrates What happens to a piece of bread once you eat it? C H O C H O H O

Building Carbohydrates What happens to a piece of bread once you eat it? C H O C H O H O

Building Carbohydrates What happens to a piece of bread once you eat it? C H O C H O H O

Building Carbohydrates What happens to a piece of bread once you eat it? C H O C H O H O

Building Carbohydrates What happens to a piece of bread once you eat it? C H O C H O H O

Building Carbohydrates What happens to a piece of bread once you eat it? C H O C H O H

Building Carbohydrates What happens to a piece of bread once you eat it? C H O C H O

Building Carbohydrates The process of breaking compounds into smaller molecules by adding a water back to the monomer is called hydrolysis. What happens to a piece of bread once you eat it? C H O C H O

Many monosaccharides bonded together form polysaccharides. Building Carbohydrates Many monosaccharides bonded together form polysaccharides. C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12O6 How many water molecules would be removed by making the polysaccharide? Polysaccharide Polysaccharides are known as starches. Will the taste of starches be the same as simple sugars?

Functions of Carbohydrates 1. To provide a quick source of energy (by breaking the C-H bonds) Energy C6H12O6 C6H12O6 C6H12O6 2. Provide structure and support.

Carbohydrates Review What is the monomer (subunit) for carbohydrates? monosaccharide (simple sugars) What are the functions of carbohydrates? energy storage (short-term), structure or support Name examples of carbohydrates. CARBOHYDRATES REVIEW What is the monomer (subunit) for carbohydrates? monosaccharide (simple sugars) What are the functions of carbohydrates? energy storage (short-term), structure or support Name examples of carbohydrates. glucose, starch, cellulose glucose, starch, cellulose