Biogenic aerosols from Amazonia: composition, size distributions and optical properties Rizzo, L.V.1, Artaxo, P.2 , Brito, J.F.2, Barbosa, H.M.2, Andreae,

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Paulo Artaxo, Luciana Rizzo, Joel F. Brito, Henrique Barbosa, Andrea Arana, Elisa T. Sena, Glauber G. Cirino, Wanderlei Bastos, Scot Martin, Meinrat O.
Advertisements

Atmospheric Aerosols in Amazonia and land use change: from natural biogenic to biomass burning conditions Keith Heidecorn Graduate Seminar in Atmospheric.
Study of NO x nocturnal events observed at the Abracos Pasture Site, Rondonia Gatti, Luciana V. (1), Cordova, Ana Maria (1), Yamazaki, Amelia (1), Artaxo,
Rainwater chemistry in the Amazon Basin Rainwater chemistry in the Amazon Basin Eduardo T. Fernandes1, Paulo Artaxo 1, Dayse Magalhães A. de M. Figueiredo.
Earth Science 17.1A Atmosphere Characteristics
New particle formation in Amazon: Clouds, rain and ions Radovan Krejci 1,2, Modris Matisans 1, Peter Tunved 1, Hanna Manninen 2, John Backman 2, Luciana.
Wavelength dependence of the single scattering albedo Single scattering albedo (SSA) values at 450(blue), 550(green) and 700(red) nm The SSA values during.
Aerosol Pattern over Southeastern Europe Rudolf B. Husar and Janja D. Husar CAPITA, Washington University, St. Louis, MO Conference on Visibility, Aerosols,
A Dictionary of Aerosol Remote Sensing Terms Richard Kleidman SSAI/NASA Goddard Lorraine Remer UMBC / JCET Short.
JERAL ESTUPINAN National Weather Service, Miami, Florida DAN GREGORIA National Weather Service, Miami, Florida ROBERTO ARIAS University of Puerto Rico.
Section highlights Organic Aerosol and Field Studies.
Xuan Wang and Colette L. Heald 7th International GEOS-Chem User’s Meeting, May 5, 2015 This work is funded by U.S. EPA Simulating Brown Carbon and its.
Radiative Effects of Atmospheric Aerosols and Regional Haze Jin Xu DAS Science Talk February 17, 2004.
Ultrafine Particles and Climate Change Peter J. Adams HDGC Seminar November 5, 2003.
Illumination Independent Aerosol Optical Properties n Extinction Scattering Absorption n Volume scattering function (phase) n Transmittance.
Aerosols and climate Rob Wood, Atmospheric Sciences.
The Role of Aerosols in Climate Change Eleanor J. Highwood Department of Meteorology, With thanks to all the IPCC scientists, Keith Shine (Reading) and.
Particles in the Atmosphere CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Physical properties 3. Particle formation and growth 4. Chemical composition 5. Radiative properties.
What is Particulate Matter and How does it Vary? What is Particulate Matter? How Does PM Vary? The Influence of Emissions, Dilution and Transformations.
AMAZE2008 Amazonian Aerosol Characterization Experiment 7 Feb - 15 Mar 2008 Science Focus on Natural Ecosystem Functioning.
Organics in the Mix during SAPUSS M. Dall´Osto and the SAPUSS team CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
Investigation of Decadal Changes in Aerosol and Asthma Sponsors: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
Effects of Pollution on Visibility and the Earth’s Radiation Balance John G. Watson Judith C. Chow Desert Research Institute Reno,
1 Temporal Trend in Anthropogenic Sulfur Aerosol Transport from Central and Eastern Europe to Israel Arnon Karnieli The Remote Sensing Laboratory Jacob.
2. Method Aerosol physical and chemical properties were measured in two sites in Amazonia since January The clean site is at central Amazonia and.
CHAPTER 4 EFFECTS ON THE ATMOSPHERE,SOIL AND WATER BODIES.
Characterization of Aerosol Physical, Optical and Chemical Properties During the Big Bend Regional Aerosol and Visibility Observational Study (BRAVO) Jenny.
Proposal for a Research Infrastructure for Advanced Aerosol Observations and Capacity Building in China Alfred WIEDENSOHLER Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric.
School of something FACULTY OF OTHER 1 Lecture 2: Aerosol sources and sinks Ken Carslaw.
Measurement of aerosol and VOC turbulent fluxes and in-canopy particle characterization at a pristine forest in Amazonia Luciana Rizzo.
Figure 1 – Image of Amazon Basin There is a very sharp increase in the atmospheric aerosol loading during the biomass burning season, that is observed.
CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NORTH AMERICAN OUTFLOW: INSIGHTS FROM CHEBOGUE POINT, NOVA SCOTIA Allen Goldstein, Dylan Millet, James Allan, Eben Cross, Rupert.
Properties of Particulate Matter Physical, Chemical and Optical Properties Size Range of Particulate Matter Mass Distribution of PM vs. Size: PM10, PM2.5.
Biosphere/Atmosphere Interactions in the Tropics.
DYNAMO Webinar Series Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation Field Campaign Climate Variability & Predictability.
Online measurements of chemical composition and size distribution of submicron aerosol particles in east Baltic region Inga Rimšelytė Institute of Physics.
In Situ and Remote Sensing Characterization of Spectral Absorption by Black Carbon and other Aerosols J. Vanderlei Martins, Paulo Artaxo, Yoram Kaufman,
New Measurements of Hygroscopicity- & Size-Resolved Particle Fluxes Brittany Phillips, K. Dawson, T. Royalty, R. Reed, M. D. Petters, and N. Meskhidze.
Influence of the Asian Dust to the Air Quality in US During the spring season, the desert regions in Mongolia and China, especially Gobi desert in Northwest.
Page 1© Crown copyright Aircraft observations of mineral dust.
1 Clear-Sky irradiance observations and models to analyze aerosol characteristic over Semi-arid Reno, NV. By: Addison Liming Jayne Boehmler Marcela Loria-Salazar.
Aerosol Size-Dependent Impaction Scavenging in Warm, Mixed, and Ice Clouds in the ECHAM5-HAM GCM Betty Croft, and Randall V. Martin – Dalhousie University,
Timothy Logan University of North Dakota Department of Atmospheric Science.
Chemical Apportionment of Size-Segregated Atmospheric Particles during the Burning and Wet Seasons in the Brazilian Amazon O. L. Mayol-Bracero (1,2); M.
Retrieval of biomass burning aerosols with combination of near-UV radiance and near -IR polarimetry I.Sano, S.Mukai, M. Nakata (Kinki University, Japan),
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: Rob Albee, Jim Wendell, Stan Unander, NOAA Climate Forcing program, DOE ARM program, NASA, Met. Service Canada, Chinese Met. Agency,
Atmospheric Chemistry Chemical effects on cloud activation with special emphasis on carbonaceous aerosol from biomass burning M. C. Facchini, S. Decesari,
Observations at the Lampedusa supersite P. Formenti, A. G. di Sarra, and the ChArMex Lampedusa team.
In-Situ Measurement of Scattering Albedo of Atmospheric Aerosol in the Amazon Region Otmar Schmid 1, Meinrat O. Andreae 1, W. Patrick Arnott 2, Paulo Artaxo.
Modeling the dynamic behavior of Cloud Condensation Nuclei: case study comparing clean (LBA/CLAIRE 2001) and polluted (LBA/SMOCC 2002) air conditions in.
Introduction Instruments designed and fabricated at the Desert Research Institute, Reno Emphasis on the Integrating Nephelometer for scattering measurements.
Aerosol Pattern over Southern North America Tropospheric Aerosols: Science and Decisions in an International Community A NARSTO Technical Symposium on.
Measurements of light absorption spectra of fine particle aqueous extracts during CalNex at the Pasadena ground site X. Zhang and R. J. Weber Georgia Institute.
Atmosphere-ocean interactions Exchange of energy between oceans & atmosphere affects character of each In oceans –Atmospheric processes alter salinity.
Properties of Particulate Matter
OBSERVATION ON ION DYNAMICS Urmas Hõrrak, Hannes Tammet Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Tartu, 18 Ülikooli St., Tartu, Estonia.
What Are the Implications of Optical Closure Using Measurements from the Two Column Aerosol Project? J.D. Fast 1, L.K. Berg 1, E. Kassianov 1, D. Chand.
Results and discussion Ground based characterization of biomass burning aerosols during the South American Biomass Burning Analysis (SAMBBA) field experiment.
Phosphorus in aerosol particles in the Amazon Basin
Fourth TEMPO Science Team Meeting
TOWARDS AN AEROSOL CLIMATOLOGY
Remote Sensing of Aerosols
OBSERVATION ON ION DYNAMICS
Measurements of brown carbon in and around clouds
Aerosol chemistry studies at the SMEARIII station in Kumpula
ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL: suspension of condensed-phase particles in air
ATOC 4720: class 17 Atmospheric aerosols
Satellite Characterization of Urban Aerosols:
Scattering Extinction: scattering + absorption Types of scattering:
S. SAUVAGE, V. RIFFAULT, A. SETYAN, V. CRENN (Mines Douai)
Presentation transcript:

Biogenic aerosols from Amazonia: composition, size distributions and optical properties Rizzo, L.V.1, Artaxo, P.2 , Brito, J.F.2, Barbosa, H.M.2, Andreae, M.O.3, Martin, S.T.4 1 Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil ; 2 University of Sao Paulo (USP), Brazil, 3 Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Germany , 4 Harvard University, USA TITLE: Biogenic aerosols from Amazonia: Composition, size distributions and optical properties AUTHORS (FIRST NAME, LAST NAME): Luciana Varanda Rizzo1, Paulo Prof Artaxo2, Joel Ferreira Brito2, Henrique M Barbosa2, Meinrat O Andreae3, Scot T Martin4 INSTITUTIONS (ALL): 1. Exact and Earth Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Diadema, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 2. Physics Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 3. Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany. 4. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States. ABSTRACT BODY: Amazonia is an excellent laboratory to study atmospheric processes that are characteristic of natural conditions, as they existed prior to the impact of industrialization on the regional and global atmosphere. Biogenic aerosols dominate the particle population in Amazonia, showing a strong link between forest biology and atmospheric composition. In the fine fraction, aerosols are mostly secondary organic particles formed from biogenic emissions of trace gases, with a contribution of primary particles. In the coarse mode, primary biogenic particles dominates the picture. Aerosols have been continuously measured at the TT34 LBA tower at the ZF2 ecological station about 55 Km North of Manaus since January 2008. Fine mode aerosol mass concentration is very low in Amazonia, with PM2.5 of about 1.3±0.7 µg m-3 and 3.4±2.0 µg m-3 in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. In terms of particle number concentrations a median value of 220 cm-3 in the wet season and 2,200 cm-3 in the dry season were observed. An aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) was deployed in 2013, and it shows that organic aerosol account to 81% to the non-refractory PM1 aerosol loading at TT34, while in the dry season, a high 93% content of organic particles was observed. Size distribution shows the occurrence of bursts of particles with about 20 nanometers at night time, possibly associated with biological process. Very few events of new particle formation are observed. Aerosol light scattering and absorption coefficients at the TT34 site were low during the wet season, increasing by a factor of 5, approximately, in the dry season due to long range transport of biomass burning aerosols reaching the forest site. Aerosol single scattering albedo (SSA) ranged from 0.84 in the wet season up to 0.91 in the dry, indicating a surprising high absorption in the wet season, associated with biogenic particles. Experimental: Aerosol properties have been measured since 2008 at two forest sites in Central Amazonia: the TT34 tower site and the ATTO tower site. Inlet lines run from the measurement level (45m, ~10 m above tree height) to a ground-based lab, climatically controlled. All aerosol measurements (PM10) were taken under dry conditions (RH<45%) and adjusted to STP conditions (1013.25 mbar; 0oC). Fig. 1: Location of the TT34 (A) and ATTO (B) towers in Amazonas State, Brazil. Prevailing wind direction is Eastern at both tower sites. Properties of Amazonian biogenic particles: Tab.1 shows statistics for aerosol properties observed in the wet season (Jan-Jun) at both sites. In the wet season, the main aerosol source is biogenic, although episodes of particle advection from Africa (mineral dust and biomass burning) were recurrently observed between January and April. In the wet season, 75% of particle mass is in the coarse mode, and median particle number concentration is comparable to observations over remote ocean regions. Dry particle single scattering albedo (SSA) was 4% higher at the ATTO site. However, the measurement period is different at both sites, and year to year variability of African advection strength may affect statistics. Another possibility is the influence of the Manaus urban plume, occasionally detected at the TT34 site.  Chemical composition TT34 ATTO PM2 (µg.m-3) 2.2 (1.1; 4.0) - PM10 (µg.m-3) 9.3 (4.9; 19) N (cm-3) 333 (175; 845) Scat 550 (Mm-1) 6.3 (1.7; 17) 7.1 (1.5; 21.2) Abs 637 (Mm-1) 0.55 (0.10; 2.74) 0.40 (0.05; 1.84) SSA 637 0.88 (0.74; 0.95) 0.92 (0.84; 0.96) SAE 1.4 (0.7; 2.1) 1.2 (0.6; 1.9) AAE 1.4 (0.7; 2.4) Fig. 2 – Observations of aerosol elemental composition with aerosol mass spectrometry at the TT34 site at the ZF2. The large dominance of organic particles with low sulfate is very clear. Part of this organic component is primary aerosol particles and part id secondary organic aerosol formed in the atmosphere Tab1: Statistics for wet season particle properties at TT34 (2008-2011) and ATTO sites (2013): median (p10; p90). N = particle number concentration; SSA = single scattering albedo; SAE = scattering Angstrom exponent; AAE = absorption Angstrom exponent. Submicrometer particle size distributions: Submicrometer particle size spectra (10-500 nm) were measured at the TT34 site between 2008-2009. During the wet season, the Aitken mode (~30-100 nm) was prominent, while in the dry season the accumulation mode (100-500 nm) dominated the particle number size spectra (Fig.3). A dip between Aitken and accumulation modes, (Hoppel minimum), was frequently observed in the wet season. It is usually associated with in-cloud aerosol processes, indicating that secondary aerosol formation in Amazonia may happen both through gas-phase pathways (VOC oxidation) and through particle-phase pathways (heterogeneous reactions in cloud droplets eventually mixed down to the boundary layer). New particle formation and subsequent growth was rarely observed. Nevertheless, bursts of ultrafine particles with diameters in the range 10-20 nm were detected in 93 out of 133 wet season days with observations (70%). The bursts typically lasted 20-120 min, and most events (75%) occurred at nighttime. One of these events is illustrated on Figure 4. Fig.5 (left): Daily medians of particle optical properties measured at TT34 and ATTO sites between 2008 and 2013. Nephelometer truncation error was corrected. Seasonality of particle optical properties: Due to the influence of regional biomass burning emissions, higher aerosol loadings are observed during the dry season (Jul-Dec) as compared to the wet season (Jan-Jun). Particle scattering coefficients typically increase by a factor of 3 from wet to dry season, while absorption coefficients increase by a factor of 5, at both sites (Fig.5). Median absorption Angstrom exponent (AAE) for wet season at the ATTO site was 1.4 (Fig.6), indicating that biogenic aerosols are light absorbing (brown carbon), particularly at short visible wavelengths (λ<400 nm). Fig.6 (above): Median particle absorption spectrum at the ATTO site, for 2012-2013 dry and wet season data. Dashed line shows a typical absorption spectrum of black carbon particles, with AAE=1.0 (Absorption Angstrom Exponent). Aethalometer data were corrected for filter loading and multiple scattering effects. Fig. 3: Median particle number size distribution for wet and dry season at the TT34 site between 2008-2009.. Fig. 4: Contourplot showing an example of particle burst at TT34 site. Before the burst, Aitken and accumulation modes were present, showing a Hoppel minimum; at 10 pm local time a third mode appears, dominating the other two; after 4 am the ultrafine mode gets less and less intense, as particles grow to the Aitken mode; at 6 am the Hoppel minimum is gone and the Aitken mode dominates the paticle size spectra. Acknowledgements: We would like to thank FAPESP, CNPq, LFA-USP technicians, INPA staff support, Dr. Erik Swietlicki, and Dr. Alfred Wiedensohler.