Prognostic Value of Psoas Muscle Area and Density in Patients Who Undergo Cardiovascular Surgery Masashi Yamashita, PT, Kentaro Kamiya, PT, PhD, Atsuhiko.

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Prognostic Value of Psoas Muscle Area and Density in Patients Who Undergo Cardiovascular Surgery Masashi Yamashita, PT, Kentaro Kamiya, PT, PhD, Atsuhiko Matsunaga, PT, PhD, Tadashi Kitamura, MD, PhD, Nobuaki Hamazaki, PT, MSc, Ryota Matsuzawa, PT, PhD, Kohei Nozaki, PT, MSc, Shinya Tanaka, PT, MSc, Takeshi Nakamura, PT, MSc, Emi Maekawa, MD, PhD, Takashi Masuda, MD, PhD, Junya Ako, MD, PhD, Kagami Miyaji, MD, PhD Canadian Journal of Cardiology Volume 33, Issue 12, Pages 1652-1659 (December 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.10.009 Copyright © 2017 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Computed tomography imaging using Slice-O-Matic version 5.0 (Tomovision, Magog, Quebec, Canada) imaging software. Representative abdominal computed tomography image obtained at the third lumbar vertebra. The red zone indicates the psoas muscle cross-sectional area identified using a Hounsfield unit threshold of −29 to +150. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 2017 33, 1652-1659DOI: (10.1016/j.cjca.2017.10.009) Copyright © 2017 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Overall survival rates after cardiovascular surgery according to (A) skeletal muscle index (SMI) and (B) muscle attenuation (MA). There were no significant differences in overall survival between patients with low and high SMI (P = 0.331). However, overall survival was significantly different between patients with low and high MA (P = 0.001). Canadian Journal of Cardiology 2017 33, 1652-1659DOI: (10.1016/j.cjca.2017.10.009) Copyright © 2017 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival rate according to the median of each of skeletal muscle index (SMI) and muscle attenuation (MA). Overall survival was significantly different between patients with low and high MA regardless of SMI (P = 0.014). CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 2017 33, 1652-1659DOI: (10.1016/j.cjca.2017.10.009) Copyright © 2017 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Associations of skeletal muscle index (SMI) and muscle attenuation (MA) with all-cause mortality. HU, Hounsfield unit. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 2017 33, 1652-1659DOI: (10.1016/j.cjca.2017.10.009) Copyright © 2017 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Terms and Conditions