Newton’s laws of motion: Kinematics Newton’s laws of motion: Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it. A body of mass m subject to a net force F undergoes an acceleration a that has the same direction as the force and a magnitude that is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass, i.e., F = ma. If an object A exerts a force on an object B exerts an equal and opposite force on object A

displacement = velocity x time Distance: length of path traversed by a point. Displacement: shortest distance between the initial and final position of the particle in motion. Speed: Rate of change of distance with respect to time. Velocity: rate of change of displacement with respect to time. Acceleration: rate of change of velocity with respect to time. Average speed: total distance traversed/total time taken Average velocity: total displacement/total time taken Uniform velocity: In this case velocity is constant, i.e. neither the direction nor the magnitude is changing. In this case particle moves in a straight line in the same direction and covers same distance in each unit of time. displacement = velocity x time The motion of particle in this case is called uniform motion in one dimension. Uniformly accelerated motion: In this case the particle is moving with constant acceleration. i.e. in every second change in velocity will be same.

Equation of motion for uniformly accelerated motion:  v = u + at s = ut + at2/2 v2 = u2 + 2as Snth = u + a(2n-1)/2 v = dx/dt = displacement/time Unit …m/s a = dv/dt = d2x/dt2 = velocity/time Unit…m/s2