Phrases, Clauses, Simple Sentences and Compound Sentences https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N7RL9gtBIt4 Phrases, Clauses, Simple Sentences and Compound Sentences

Students will be able to: Learning Goal Students will be able to: Distinguish between phrases and clauses Identify independent and subordinate clauses Properly punctuate phrases and clauses Use independent clauses and subordinate clauses to write the four sentence structures

Phrases VS Clauses Let’s watch a little video to learn the difference between a phrase and a clause https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar/syntax-sentences-and-clauses/phrases-and-clauses/v/phrases-and-clauses-syntax-khan-academy

General Definitions Predicate- verb and any other words related to it Phrase-is a group of words that contains a subject OR a verb OR neither (NOT BOTH) Clause-is a group of words that contains a subject and verb Independent clauses express complete thoughts (can be sentences) Dependent/Subordinate clauses cannot be sentences on their own

Independent Clause Can stand by itself or with a dependent clause. Expresses a complete thought. Subject + Verb (no conjunction) Examples I ran. Fractions are fun. Pizza tastes good. Video Lesson over Independent Clauses https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1r_thraBLU

Dependent/Subordinate Clauses Cannot stand by themselves. Do not express a complete thought. Subordinate Conjunction + Subject + Verb Examples Unless you want to go Because I care And you lose your cool

Subordinating Conjunctions (signal dependent clauses) After Unless Although Until As When Because Whenever Before Where If Wherever Since While Though Short List Of Subordinating Conjunctions Subordinating Conjunction Song https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8rZAdeOgWDk

Counting Clauses A new clause starts when a new subject is introduced. Watch for conjunctions, but finding subjects and verbs is more reliable. Example ` Since Doug studied, he did well on the test and was happy.

LET’S PRACTICE Determine if the following clauses are INDEPENDENT (can stand alone) or DEPENDENT (cannot stand alone) Remember: clauses have a subject and a verb *Keep an eye out for “Sandras”!

Gina came into the store Clause independent

The running water phrase

before a hurricane occurs Clause dependent

I took a quick jog Clause independent

since airports need room clause dependent

during the rainy season phrase

SIMPLE AND COMPOUND SENTENCES Learning Goal: Students will be able to write, use and properly punctuate the four basic sentence structures https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=98OcAe5O0Ws

Simple Sentence A simple sentence has one complete subject and one complete predicate and it a complete thought. Video Lesson over Simple Sentences https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_fC6MevkPpc

Simple Sentence We went to San Juan yesterday. Observe how a simple sentence is constructed: We went to San Juan yesterday.

Simple Sentence We went to San Juan . Pronoun Verb Prepositional phrase We went to San Juan . Simple subject Complete predicate

Simple Sentence Tom and Mary play tennis. Compound Subject &

Simple Sentence play tennis and swim. Tom and Mary Compound Subject Compound Predicate & &

Compound Sentence A compound sentence has more than one part that can stand alone (independent clauses). Independent clauses are connected by coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS), conjunctive adverbs (words like therefore, moreover) or a semi-colon. Video Lesson over Compound Sentences https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qL0kybutBgg

Coordinating Conjunctions (join words, phrases, clauses) FANBOYS For And Nor But Or Yet So

Videos over FANBOYS Punctuating FANBOYS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-catJZm_2TI&t=12s Using FANBOYS at the beginning of the sentence and punctuating FANBOYS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qz8ckUqObLs&t=4s

Compound Sentence We went to San Juan, and most of us danced all night.

Compound Sentence We went to San Juan, Subject Verb Prepositional phrase We went to San Juan, Predicate Coordinating Conjunction and most of us danced all night . Subject Modifying phrase Verb