Unit 6 Nationalist Period

Nationalism Day 1

New American Cultu re Alex de Tocqueville Hudson River School Democracy in America Energy of Americans Hudson River School Painted American landscapes Noah Webster American dictionary and languag e

John Marshall SC Chief Justice Examples: Strengthened courts and govern Examples: Gibbons v. Ogden Fed gov’t can regulate interstate tr McCulloch v. Maryland State cannot tax the National Bank Sided with Federal Government ment ade

American System Proposed by Henry Clay Called for: Transportation (Internal Improve Tariffs Tariff of 1816 National Bank 2nd National Bank Selling of public lands ments)

Era of Good Feelings Time Period of James Monroe’s Presidency National Goals First! Party politics not involved Sec. of State Path to presidency

Nationalism Day 2

Adams – Onis Treaty Secretary of State – John Quincy Adams US acquired Florida

Monroe Doctrine James Monroe’s statement on foreign policy Stated that the Western Hemisphere was not open to European colonization and in return the US would not involve itself in European Affairs

Missouri Compromise 1818 1819 1820 Illinois admitted as a free state 11 Free – 10 Slave 1819 Missouri applied to admission South wanted Missouri to be slave for balance During negotiations Alabama was admitted as Slave 11 Free – 11 Slave 1820 Compromise! Henry Clay proposed that Missouri enter as slave and Maine as free Established line of 36 30’ as slave line across US

Jackson's Presidency Day 1

Jackson’s Path to the President Old Hickory Election of 1824 Jackson won the popular election but not the electoral college Quincy Adams and Clay also running Corrupt Bargain Clay swung election to Quincy They agreed on American System Clay and Jackson were western rivals Clay was named Sec. of State

Cont… Election of 1828 Most states eliminated property requirements for voting Jackson won election Rise of Common Man Spoils System Kitchen Cabinet

Indian Removal Ac t Assimilation Indian Removal Act of 1830 Jackson disagreed Indian Removal Act of 1830 Set out to remove Indians from all eastern lands Worchester v. Georgia Marshall sided with Cherokee Jackson refused to enforce Trail of Tears resulted

Jackson's Presidency Day 2

National Bank National Bank’s Charter was up to be ren ewed Jackson vetoed bill to renew charter Why? Said bank hurt farmers, poor, and limited state banks Bank’s Reaction Nicholas Biddle attempted to pressure Jackson using the people Jackson’s Solution Put government deposits in pet banks Killed national bank ewed

Cont… The New Banks Result Inflation Land sales increased Jackson issued specie circular States borrowed vast amounts Jackson distributed federal money to states Result Panic of 1837

States Rights and Tari ffs Tariff of 1828 Nullification Nicknamed “Tariff of Abominations” by John C. Calhoun of SC Nullification Calhoun said state could nullify laws or leave union if denied Jackson created the Force Act Clay created a new compromise tariff

Van Buren, Harrison, and Tyler Van Buren’s First Test Panic of 1837 Unable to fix Was not re-elected Election of 1840 William Henry Harrison Whig War hero Tippecanoe and Tyler Too! Died from pneumonia John Tyler took over – “his accidency”

Northern Economy

Industrial Revolution Northeast Switched from trade to industr Aiding factors: Water power Trade capital Labor supply Poor farming y

Lowell Mills Textile mills Brought girls to work in factories for a few years at a time Easily replaced therefore wages stayed low

National Road Also called Cumberland Road Privately built Connected Markets!

Erie Canal Connected Great Lakes with Hudson River (Atlantic Ocean) Great Lakes gave access to Mississippi River and New Orleans Paid for itself in 7 years Led to the development of New York City

Fulton’s Steamboa t kets Robert Fulton Clermont Cheap transportation to mar

Railroads Faster, easier, and cheaper than roads and canals Led to end of road and canal craze Became Americas primary transportation system

Telegraph Samuel F.B. Morse Telegraph Mostly used in business not pers Electronic communication Mostly used in business not pers onal

Southern Economy

Cotton Cotton Gin Cotton Belt Invented by Eli Whitney, but most farmers made their own Helped south meet cotton demand Northeast and England Textile Mills Cotton Belt Stretch of cotton farms from Virginia to Texas

How did the cotton gin effect the number of slaves in the south? A. Increased B. Decreased C. Stayed the same D. The two are not related

Spread of Slavery Growth of cotton led to growth of slavery Owners Only about ¼ of southerners owned slaves Most owned less than 20 More Slaves = More Cotton = More Money

Which of these activities had the greatest impact on the southeastern US between 1800 and 1860? A. shipbuilding B. coal mining C. Logging D. cotton farming

Differences in North and South Textile and industry High tariffs High price land Internal improvements South Low tariffs No internal improvements Cheap land in large portions One crop economy West Farms – wheat, tobacco, corn, and livestock Tariffs Cheap land Internal improvements

Which statement below most accurately describes the differences between the North and the South? A. The north was less culturally diverse than the South B. The south was less culturally diverse and mostly agricultural, whereas the North was industrial and had a diverse population C. The south had many industrial areas, whereas the North was mostly small farms and plantations D. The north placed a higher value on tradition, whereas the south focused on new technology and industry