Prolonged discordant xenograft survival and delayed xenograft rejection in a pig-to- baboon orthotopic cardiac xenograft model He Xu, MDa, Steven R. Gundry,

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Prolonged discordant xenograft survival and delayed xenograft rejection in a pig-to- baboon orthotopic cardiac xenograft model He Xu, MDa, Steven R. Gundry, MDa, Wayne W. Hancock, MDb, Goro Matsumiya, MDa, Craig W. Zuppan, MDc, Toro Morimoto, MDa, James Slater, MDd, Leonard L. Bailey, MDa The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 115, Issue 6, Pages 1342-1349 (June 1998) DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70218-1 Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Change of xenoreactive natural antibody levels in recipients before and after donor organ hemoperfusion. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1998 115, 1342-1349DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70218-1) Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Change of xenoreactive natural antibody levels in recipients before and after orthotopic pig cardiac xenotransplantation. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1998 115, 1342-1349DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70218-1) Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Histology of xenograft from baboon TLI#1 (hematoxylin and eosin staining) demonstrating acute infarction (asterisk) and interstitial hemorrhage (arrowheads). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1998 115, 1342-1349DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70218-1) Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Photomicrograph of xenograft from baboon TLI#2 demonstrating microvascular thrombosis (some marked with asterisks). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1998 115, 1342-1349DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70218-1) Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Immunopathologic studies of rejected pig hearts from baboons showed diffuse endothelial membrane staining for IgG (left, arrows) and complement C3 (right, arrows). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1998 115, 1342-1349DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70218-1) Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Immunopathologic studies of rejected pig hearts from baboons showed positive staining for few T-cell infiltrates (left, arrows) and large numbers of macrophages (right). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1998 115, 1342-1349DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70218-1) Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Immunopathologic studies of rejected pig hearts from baboons showed expression of TNF-α (left) and IL-1β (right) by infiltrating macrophages. TNF-α staining includes the area surrounding macrophages, as well as adjacent endothelial cells and focal myocardial areas. IL-1β was observed in close relationship to macrophages, plus locally on the surfaces of endothelial cells (arrows). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1998 115, 1342-1349DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(98)70218-1) Copyright © 1998 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions