+ - POLAR COVALENT UNEVEN Water is a ____________________ molecule ___________ pattern of electric charge ______ & ________ poles UNEVEN + -

Water molecules form _____________bonds with each other + from one molecule attracted to – of neighbor Makes molecules “__________” HYDROGEN STICKY

HYDROGEN BONDING PRODUCES _____________PROPERTIES OF WATER ______________ ___________________________ ________________________________ ___________________ HIGH HEAT OF FUSION THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY EMERGENT COHESION ADHESION “UNIVERSAL” SOLVENT HIGH HEAT OF VAPORIZATION ICE FLOATS

HYDROGEN BETWEEN Surface tension COHESION ___________ bonding __________ water molecules makes them stick together _______________ Water has a “skin” Tends to “bead up” Drinking straw HYDROGEN BETWEEN Surface tension http://online-english-lessons.eu/wordpress/2011/06/idiom-water-off-a-ducks-back/

OTHER CAPILLARY ACTION MENISCUS ADHESION http://morrisonlabs.com/meniscus.htm http://papertowelworld.com/images/bounty.gif ADHESION HYDROGEN bonding between water and ________molecules makes them stick to substances _____________________ Water climbs up paper towel ______________________ OTHER CAPILLARY ACTION MENISCUS

PLAY MOVIE HERE

HYDROPHILIC _______________ WATER “loving” POLAR ionic __________ molecules are attracted to water ____________ _____________________ WATER “loving” POLAR ionic “Like dissolves like”

HYDROPHOBIC _______________ WATER “fearing” NON POLAR Non-ionic ____________ molecules move away from water ____________ _____________________________ WATER “fearing” NON POLAR Non-ionic “Oil and water don’t mix”

HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT CHANGES MODERATES Resists ___________ in temperature takes a lot to heat it up takes a lot to cool it down _______________ temperatures on Earth CHANGES MODERATES http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Globe.png

WATER HAS HIGH HEAT OF VAPORIZATION Lots of _______ required to change from liquid to gas because water is a poor thermal conductor. ENERGY http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/evaporation.htm

WATER HAS HIGH HEAT OF FUSION _______ required to change from solid to liquid ENERGY

Most (ALL?)substances are http://amitjathar007.blogspot.com/2011/06/why-does-ice-float.html ICE FLOATS ! Most (ALL?)substances are _______dense as solids than liquids. . . . NOT WATER! __________ bonds form a crystal with loose structure so SOLID ICE is ______________ than LIQUID WATER. MORE HYDROGEN LESS DENSE

http://www. destination360 http://www.destination360.com/north-america/us/michigan/michigan-ice-fishing

WATER FORMS IONS If concentration of two ions is ______, water is ____________ If [H+] > [OH-], water is ________ If [H+] < [OH-], water is ________. EQUAL NEUTRAL ACIDIC BASIC

Log scale like Richter for measuring earthquakes Solution A is _____ times _________ acidic than solution B pH = -log([H+]) A pH = 2 B pH = 5 1000 more

Log scale like Richter for measuring earthquakes Solution B is _____ times _________ acidic than solution A A pH = 9 B pH = 7 100 more

pH scale measures amount of acidity or [H+] 1 X10 =[H+] pH =___ [H+] [OH-] = 10 If [H+] = 10 , then [OH-] = 10 -7 7 -4 4 -14 -6 -8