Volume 54, Issue 5, Pages (November 1998)

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Volume 54, Issue 5, Pages 1659-1669 (November 1998) Polymorphisms of angiotensin converting enzyme and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 genes in diabetes and macroangiopathy1  Hideki Kimura, Fumitake Gejyo, Yoshiki Suzuki, Satoru Suzuki, Ryoichi Miyazaki, Masaaki Arakawa  Kidney International  Volume 54, Issue 5, Pages 1659-1669 (November 1998) DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00139.x Copyright © 1998 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 DNA sequence of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) promoter. A 200-bp region of PAI-1 gene covering the 4G/5G polymorphic site of the promoter is shown. The forward primer (PAI-1 pr1) and the reverse primer (PAI-1pr2) are underlined. The numbers on the DNA sequence denote the position of the nucleic acids from the start of transcription. The arrow indicates an insertion site of one guanine 675-bp upstream from the start of transcription. Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00139.x) Copyright © 1998 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified DNA. (A) Samples containing single-stranded PAI-1 DNA were separated by electrophoresis on a 10% polyacrylamide gel and stained with a silver reagent. Lanes 2, 8 and 11 are 4G4G homozygote. Lanes 1, 3 to 7, and 10 are 4G5G heterozygote. Lanes 9 and 12 are 5G5G homozygote. (B) Three distinct separation patterns (A, B and C) by SSCP analysis are illustrated. Lanes 2, 8 and 11 show pattern A. Lanes 1, 3 to 7, and 10 show pattern B. Lanes 9 and 12 show pattern C. Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00139.x) Copyright © 1998 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 DNA sequences of the 4G/5G polymorphic region of the PAI-1 promoter. (A) Direct sequencing of the PCR product shown in lane 8 in Figure 1. The 4-guanine tract was verified in both the sense strand (top) and the antisense strand (bottom). (B) Direct sequencing of the PCR product shown in lane 9 in Figure 1. The 5-guanine tract was verified in both the sense strand (top) and the antisense strand (bottom). Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00139.x) Copyright © 1998 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Relationship between the PAI-1 4G/5G genotypes and the renal survival rate in patients with NIDDM. There were no significant differences in the renal survival rate among 4G4G genotype (▬), 4G5G genotype () and 5G5G genotype (). Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00139.x) Copyright © 1998 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Relationship between the ACE I/D genotypes and the renal survival rate in patients with NIDDM. There were no significant differences in the renal survival rate among DD genotype (▬), ID genotype () and II genotype (). Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00139.x) Copyright © 1998 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10. 1046/j. 1523-1755 Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00139.x) Copyright © 1998 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10. 1046/j. 1523-1755 Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00139.x) Copyright © 1998 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10. 1046/j. 1523-1755 Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00139.x) Copyright © 1998 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10. 1046/j. 1523-1755 Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00139.x) Copyright © 1998 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10. 1046/j. 1523-1755 Kidney International 1998 54, 1659-1669DOI: (10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00139.x) Copyright © 1998 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions