The Kennedy & Johnson Years (1960—1969) Chapter 34 PART 2 of 4 The Kennedy & Johnson Years (1960—1969)

Cuban Missile Crisis 1962 Soviets-built missile bases in Cuba. Kennedy ordered a naval “quarantine” of the island to prevent any missiles from being placed. Soviet Union promised to remove the missiles if the United States would stop the quarantine, remove missiles from Turkey and Italy, and stay out of Cuba.

Cuban Missile Crisis 1962 Soviet ship carrying nuclear weapons escorted by a United States destroyer out of Cuban waters (October, 1962).

Cuban Missile Crisis 1962

Cuban Missile Crisis 1962

Cuban Missile Crisis 1962 Nikita Khrushchev— Premier of the Soviet Union who called the ships back and removed the missiles. “Hot Line”— Phone-line between the Soviet Union and the United States which was established to prevent another crisis from occurring.

Peace Efforts Limited Test Ban Treaty— Banned nuclear testing above ground to reduce radioactive fallout; permitted underground testing.

Effects of the Cuban Missile Crisis QUICK STUDY

Reading Skill: Understand Effects NOTE TAKING

How Should the United States Fight the Cold War? COMPARING VIEWPOINTS How Should the United States Fight the Cold War?

Progress Monitoring Transparency PM TRANSPARENCY Progress Monitoring Transparency Answer C A

“The Kennedy & Johnson Years” (p. 5) 1. How did President John F. Kennedy respond to the current challenges of the Cold War? President John Kennedy adopted a bold stance against the Soviet Union, and though he remained resolute, his approach became more tempered and thoughtful as he gained experience.

Kennedy’s Domestic Program Kennedy’s New Frontier The Kennedy Style Main Idea: John Kennedy had charisma that appealed to the American people and he promised to improve society when he was elected President. Kennedy’s Domestic Program Main Idea: While in office, Kennedy worked to stimulate the economy, improve civil rights, and advance space exploration. The President Is Assassinated Main Idea: In November of 1963, John Kennedy was assassinated while campaigning for reelection.

Kennedy’s Domestic Program Equal Pay Act of 1963— Required equal wages for “Equal Work” in industries engaged in commerce. Though the law had loopholes for businesses, it did provide a framework for future legislation. Twenty-fourth Amendment— Passed by Congress and ratified by the states in 1966. The amendment prohibited the use of a poll tax to vote.

Kennedy’s Domestic Program John Maynard Keynes— Economist who developed the theory that deficit spending by the federal government was needed to stimulated the economy. deficit spending— Government practice of borrowing money (at taxpayer expense) in order to spend more than is received by taxes. Under Kennedy, this “Keynesian” model stimulated the economy in the early 1960s creating more revenue for the government as more people became employed.

The Space Program Kennedy & NASA— JFK’s goal was to have a man on the moon by the end of the 1960s. In 1959, seven pilots chosen for Mercury program (led by Alan Sheppard and John Glenn) began the NASA astronaut program. Space Race— The term used to describe the competition between the Soviet Union and United States for leadership in space exploration.

The Space Program

The Space Program Neil Armstrong— First man to step on the moon (July 20, 1969). Space Race— The term used to describe the competition between the Soviet Union and United States for leadership in space exploration.

Reading Skill: Identify Main Ideas NOTE TAKING

The Kennedy Years TRANSPARENCY