What we learned from the Korean War The USA would contain Communism- Anywhere in the world The USA would support people who fight Communism China and the USSR would support Communist governments
Background on the Vietnam Conflict http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wuk8AOjGURE Background on the Vietnam Conflict http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XgW0o-Ui94k
Background on Vietnam FRENCH CONTROL: Colonized Vietnam as part of their Southeast Asian Empire Controlled Vietnam until World War II JAPANESE CONTROL: During WWII took over control of Vietnam When Japanese surrendered to the Allies, Vietnam fell under French control again AMERICAN INVOLVEMENT IN SOUTHEAST ASIA: Colonies in Southeast Asia (ie: Philippines) Region provided U.S. with 90% of rubber and 75% of tin
Vietnamese are fighting for independence from the French French Indo-China War 1945 - 1954 Vietnamese are fighting for independence from the French Ho Chi Minh leads fight for independence Communist China provides direct aid to the Vietnamese Truman decides he needs to extend “containment” to South East Asia - Results in American aid to France – military and economic assistance ($133 million)
French Indo-China War In 1950 1945 - 1954 U.S. adopts the “domino theory” Ho Chi Minh controls 2/3 of countryside with hundreds of thousands of Vietminh Korean War solidifies American belief in containment
Indo-China War
1950 – 1952 U.S. sent $50 million worth of economic and technical assistance to French By 1952 U.S. paying for 1/3 of cost of war French attempt to recruit Vietnamese to fight failed (shows lack of Vietnamese support for French/American effort) French had lost 90,000 soldiers – clear they would be defeated
Dien Bien Phu Remote village in Northwest corner of Vietnam Both Vietminh and French had amassed troops there in 1954 General Giap of Vietminh led an attack on the village in March of ’54 U.S. debates an air strike, but decide against it – without U.S. help French doomed and surrender on May 7th
Dien Bien Phu
Dien Bien Phu
Geneva Accords July 20th, 1954 Vietnam is split at the 17th parallel French withdraw from North Vietnam Elections set for 1956 to reunify country Ho Chi Minh is in power in North Ngo Dinh Diem is in power in South