LINAC OPS Budget Review WBS 4 Experimental Facilities Jochen R. Schneider February 18-20, 2009

Scientific motivation for LCLS For the first time we will be able to study matter on atomic scale in space and time, i.e. we shall directly observe atoms moving on nature’s time scale which is pico- or femtosec, we shall study chemical reactions on femtosec time scales. Ribosome: The Protein factory space energy Gas phase simple diatomic molecules Exploring excited state potential energy surfaces In solution Movies instead of pictures FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 2

Single Particle Coherent Diffractive Imaging Get the information before the sample explodes t = 0 t = 50 fs t = 100 fs What is the underlying physics of the explosion? incident X-ray beam sample detector beam stop FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 3

Diffractive Imaging of Non-Reproducible objects PICOPLANKTON are the most abundant photosynthetic cells in the oceans (discovered in 1988) single shot diffraction pattern International collaboration lead by J. Hajdu and H. Chapman 1 micron reconstruction 13.5 nm ~10 fs sample preparation including alignment and extreme focusing are crucial for success This cell was injected into vacuum from solution, and shot through the beam at 200 m/s FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 4

LCLS Scientific Thrust Areas Based on the letters of intent received from the breadth of the scientific community in 2004 LCLS SAC recommended that instruments be designed to enable scientific research in five thrust areas: Atomic, molecular and optical science (AMO) - LCLS Diffraction studies of stimulated dynamics (XPP) - LUSI Coherent scattering of nano-scale fluctuations (XCS) - LUSI Coherent imaging of non-periodic, nano-scale objects (CXI) - LUSI Materials in extreme environment (MEE) Later SAC recommended to build a sixth instrument in order to cover the full range of science over the wavelength range of LCLS for Investigation of materials with soft X-rays (SXR) – LCLS + Intern. Consortium Further development of FEL concepts and upgrades of LCLS are of crucial importance to keep the facility at the forefront of a worldwide very dynamic development. FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 5

Instruments and Tentative Operations Plan for LCLS Near Experimental Hall 5,000 4,000 500 Photon science experiments 900 1,300 1,250 Machine studies photons 2,750 Machine studies electrons 1,960 2,160 4,260 Maintenance 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 Tentative operation plan for LCLS [hours per fiscal year] AMO SXR XPP Tentative instrument operation scheme Start of commissioning, early operations 09-09 AMO 06-11 XCS 01-11 XCI 06-10 XPP 04-10 SXR CXI XCS MEE Far Experimental Hall FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 6

Outcome of 1st LCLS call for proposals “Experiments at the AMO beamline (0.8-2 keV)” 28 proposals were received with 219 scientists from 16 countries involved , many of them in more than one. Australia 4 Ireland 1 China 2 Italy 8 Czech Republic 4 Japan 6 Denmark 1 Netherlands 4 Finland 1 Poland 3 France 1 Sweden 26 Germany 70 United Kingdom 1 India 4 United States 83 Half of the proposals were motivated by single particle imaging. 21 proposals want to use the AMO station as built, 5 proposals want to use a special chamber built in Hamburg and moved to LCLS for the experiments, 2 proposals want to use very special chambers which the groups will provide. FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 7

AMO commissioning/operations schedule FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 8

Atoms in the FEL Beam Xe (13.4 nm / 92.5 eV) A.A. Sorokin et al. Interaction region with 5 electron and one ion time-of-flight spectrometer A.A. Sorokin et al. (13.4 nm / 92.5 eV) Xe FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 9

AMO experimental station Diagnostics chamber Chamber for high field physics K-B focusing mirror J. Bozek (LCLS) FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 10 10 10

Experiments with Soft X-rays at LCLS (500) 800 eV – 2 keV Available March 2010 FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 11

XPP Instrument Design Detector Mover Detector Ultrafast Laser Diagnostics Sample Goniometer X-ray Optics & Diagnostics D. Fritz (LUSI) FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 12 Page 12

Experimental Facilities Division (XFD) FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 13

WBS 4. EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES XFD funding in FY09 emp 1,200 k$ indirect 570k$ m&s 60 k$ travel 55 k$ FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 14

WBS 4. EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES XFD funding in FY09 4.1 (3.1 FTE): J. Arthur, J. Hastings, J. Schneider J. Bozek, S. Boutet, D. Fritz, A. Robert 4.2 (2.8 FTE) J. Arthur, S. Edstrom, H. Tompkins S. Boutet, Y. Feng, D. Fritz, A. Robert 4.3 (1.8 FTE) N .v. Bakel, Y. Feng, J. Hastings, P. Stefan Up to 1.6 M$ of LCLS OPC is used for commissioning and hiring of 18 new staff in FY09 which roll over into XFD in FY10. FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 15

WBS 4.EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES XFD funding FY09 – FY12 FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 16

WBS 4.EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES XFD development of personnel FY09 – FY12 TOTAL k$ as escalated 1,885 9,235 19,804 25,648 FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 17

Development of XFD resources Manpower Total budget FTE M$ FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 18

XFD personnel development (*) (*) XFD support only FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 19

Computing at/for XFD LCLS controls and data infrastructure need to provide tools for simulating of experiments real-time data acquisition system sub-picosecond timing control quasi real-time quick view/data rendering simple real-time data analysis/reduction binning, sorting, filtering, compression, etc., on-line storage long-term storage high performance offline processing complex analysis large volume rendering Organization of workshops with LCLS users involving XFD, SCCS and scientists from other outside institutions for continuous updating of the computing needs. FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 20

Detector group activities beyond LUSI projects Potential enhancements of the base line instrumentation 2D Detector testing, support, calibration, maintenance, e.g. CXI, XPP and XCS detectorDetector integration and support for incoming detectors: mechanics, cooling, DAQ, controls e.g. pnCCD for SXR Develop new type of detectors, e.g. energy resolving super conducting detectors, different sensor material like high Z for >15 keV x-rays Detectors for fast timing and synchronization, e.g. streak cameras Detector simulation for detector development, including data processing and analysis Write application software with DAQ group FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 21

Ongoing developments: Instruments Potential enhancements of the base line instrumentation AMO: Reaction microscope, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, imaging endstation, cluster source, smaller focus optics SXR: Design and construction of photon in – photon out spectrometers, Station for time resolved studies of magnetism XPP: Extension of pump laser capabilities (shared with AMO), cryostats, small Angle Scattering capability, offset monochromator CXI: In-vacuum cryo-goniometer, duplication of internal components into a second experimental chamber, 2nd full detector, aerojet source of particles, next generation particle injector, pump laser system XCS: Advanced split-delay with photon wavelength tunability FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 22

XFD funding FY09 – FY12 (direct costs) FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 23

Summary XFD can operate the 6 beamlines for users as defined today XFD can run an appropriate in-house research program The efforts in computing have to be strengthened The number of instrument hours have to be increased (multiplexing instruments) We are convinced that an ongoing detector development is crucial Instrumentation and methodology has to be updated continuously Competition: SPring-8 FEL starts operation in 2011 European XFEL starts operation in 2014 FY09 Linac Ops Review Page 24