Types of Industry & Natural Resources How is our future tied to our ability to manage our resources and economy?

Guess where more Canadians work? Do more Canadians work in agriculture or in education? Agriculture employed 277,200 people in 2018 Education employed 1,325,400 people

Guess where more Canadians work? Do more Canadians work in manufacturing or retail? Manufacturing employed 1,728,400 people in 2018 Retail employed 2,794,600 people

Guess where more Canadians work? Do more Canadians work in construction or in healthcare? Construction employed 1,437,500 people in 2018 Healthcare employed 2,406,700 people

Most Canadian workers are not lumberjacks, farmers, or miners; nor are they factory workers. Instead, most Canadians have jobs in which they provide an enormous range of services. But all parts of the economy are vital…

5 Types of Industry

Primary Industry An industry that extracts or harvests products (natural resources) from the earth Contributes about 6% of GDP Forestry Farming Mining / Oil and Gas extraction Fishing

Canada is… one of the world’s largest suppliers of wheat and grains the 2nd largest exporter of forest products One of the world’s largest exporters of seafood One of the world’s top exporters of oil and gas

Secondary Industry An industry that uses raw materials to manufacture products Located near cities and major transportation routes (need access to raw materials, markets and workers) auto assembly plants metal working textile production construction food processing etc

“Blue Collar Jobs” Manual, physical jobs, usually in the trades, often they require an apprenticeship

Tertiary Industry (Service Sector) An industry that provides services It employs about three quarters of Canadians and accounts for 70% of GDP healthcare, schools retail, restaurants transportation, trucking entertainment, media insurance, banking tourism law

“White Collar Jobs” Professional jobs, often in an office setting, often require university education

Quaternary Industry (Knowledge Sector) An industry that is knowledge- based, such as: Scientific research Professors Education Information technology Statisticians

Quinary Industry The highest level of decision makers, they have special and highly paid skills Called ‘gold-collar jobs’, as opposed to just ‘white collar jobs’ Government officials Financial and legal consultants CEOs

Canada’s Changing Economy What has been the trend for each category over the years? Which category has changed the most?

Employment by Industrial Sector, 2018

Who does Canada trade with? Who do we import from? Who do we export to? USA China Mexico Germany Japan USA China UK Japan Mexico

What Do We Import/Export? We export Cars Computers, industrial machinery Food and beverages Pharmaceutical products Plastics Steel Furniture Oil and other fuels Cars, car parts Lumber Aircraft, space craft Diamonds, precious metals like gold Paper goods Electrical equipment Fish & shellfish Wheat

Natural Resources Primary Industry, Raw Materials

What is a Natural Resource? A natural resource is a material found in the natural environment that can be put to use by humans. Put to use? Source of energy Make products Essential for life, safety, protection Food

1) Renewable Resources : Resources which replace themselves naturally within a few months or years Eg. farming, trees, fish, fresh water, solar energy

2) Non-Renewable Resources : Resources that form slowly or do not naturally re-form in the environment. Once used, these cannot be replaced (or at least, not for millions of years). Eg: gasoline, coal, natural gas, diesel, minerals

Rethinking Our Use of Resources

Rethinking by Individuals How can I use resources wisely while maintaining, or even improving, my quality of life? We can choose to reduce, reuse, recycle We can choose hybrid or electric cars We can vote for a government that will pass more stringent laws that protect the environment

Rethinking by Companies Increasingly, having an environmentally friendly corporate attitude is also good for profits Example: Seventh Generation makes environmentally friendly, biodegradable laundry detergent, trash bags and diapers They take their name from an Iroquois law that says, “in our every deliberation we must consider the impact of our decisions on the next seven generations.”

Rethinking by Governments Governments can do 2 main things to help protect resources, use a carrot (reward) or a stick (punishment) Examples of carrots: Tax rebates for using blue bins Incentives for people who buy an electric car Examples of sticks: You have to pay a fee if you have too many garbage bags at the curb Car companies have to pay a fee if their cars are wasteful of gas