Sexual Reproduction & Meiosis

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Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

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Presentation transcript:

Sexual Reproduction & Meiosis

A. Sexual Reproduction 1. Asexual reproduction needs only one parent 2. Sexual reproduction needs two sex cells a. Sperm--male sex cell b. Egg--female sex cell

B. Importance of Sex Cells 1. In body cells, chromosomes found in pairs a. Pairs form because chromosomes are alike b. Cell with 2 of every kind of chromosome is diploid c. Sex cell is haploid--23 in egg or sperm

B. Importance of Sex Cells 2. Sexual repro starts with sex cell & ends with fertilization a. Zygote is formed--in human now is diploid or 2n with 46 chromosomes

C. Meiosis--Sex Cell Formation 1. In meiosis, there are 2 divisions of the nucleus: meiosis I & meiosis II 2. Prophase I: double stranded chromosomes and spindle fibers appear; nuclear membrane and nucleolus fade

3. Metaphase I: chromosome pairs (chromatids) line up spindle fibers attach to centromeres and centrioles 4. Anaphase I: chromotids separate from matching pair

5. Telophase I: cytoplasm divides and 2 cells form

6. Prophase II: chromatids and spindle fibers reappear

7. Metaphase II: chromatids line up in the center of the cell spindle fibers attach to centromere & centriole 8. Anaphase II: centromere divides chromosomes split and move to opposite poles

9. Telophase II: spindle fibers disappear nuclear membrane forms around chromosomes at each end of cell each nucleus has half the # of chromosomes as the original (haploid) now there are 4 sex cells (daughter cells)

Diploid (2n)

Haploid (n)