LS.4 Classification The Student will investigate & understand how organisms can be classified

Describe the word. Give an example. Draw a picture Snapshot What is classification? Describe the word. Give an example. Draw a picture

Snapshot an animal and a plant? unicellular & multicellular organisms? What is the difference between: an animal and a plant? unicellular & multicellular organisms?

Snapshot _________ have an exoskeleton. _________ having stinging cells. _______ have a nerve chord ________ is putting organisms in groups according to similarities or differences. ________ are the segmented worms.

Snapshot Compare and contrast Chordates & Arthropods

Snapshot Place these organisms in the correct kingdom & phyla: 5. 1. 6. 2. 3. 7. 4. 8.

What is Classification? Grouping organisms according to similarities and differences

Hierarchy of Classification (Levels) Organisms are sorted into larger groups and then break those down into smaller and smaller groups (taxons): The largest and broadest is the Domain Archae Bacteria Eukarya Each Domain is made up of kingdoms 4 Main ways to group organisms

1. Ability to Survive in Extreme Conditions Very hot Very salty Very acidic Domain Very Hot Very Salty Very Acidic Archae Yes Bacteria No Eukarya

2. Presence or Absence of Cellular Structures Nucleus If it does = eukaryote: animal, plant, fungus, or protist If not= prokaryote: archaebacteria or eubacteria Mitochondria Cell wall-- plant or fungus Domain Nucleus Mitochondria Cell Wall Archae No Yes Bacteria Eukarya Some Do

3. How they get their food Heterotroph= Eat or absorb food Autotroph= Make own food All have some kingdoms that do and some that do not Domain Heterotroph Autotroph Archae Yes Bacteria Eukarya

4. Number of Cells unicellular or multi-cellular uni= bacteria, fungus, protist multi= plant, animal, fungus, or protist Domain Uni or Multi Archae Uni Bacteria Eukarya Uni- or Multi-

Hierarchy of Classification Largest Didn’t Ken Pour Coke on Freddie’s Good Shoes Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Smallest The smallest group with the most in common is the species Group of organisms that interbreed under natural conditions and produce offspring that can reproduce

Domain= Kingdom + Kingdom + Kingdom Kingdom= Phylum + Phylum + Phylum Phylum= Class + Class + Class Class Order Family Genus Species

Kingdom Vs. Species Animal Kingdom Human Species

Hierarchy of Classification

Classification Video http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/71704D7D-0E55-472C-B2BF-3CA76D36A826

Kingdoms 1 Archae Kingdom 1 Bacteria 4 Eukarya Kingdoms 6 kingdoms (number can change) 1 Archae Kingdom Archaebacteria 1 Bacteria Eubacteria 4 Eukarya Kingdoms Animalia (Animal) Plantae (Plant) Fungi Protista

Comparing Kingdoms Kingdom Uni- or Multi- Food Move? Nucleus? Cell Wall Ex. Animal Multi Hetero Yes No Human Plant Auto Tree Fungi Both Mushroom / Yeast Protist Auto & Hetero Amoeba/ Euglena/ Algae

Animal Phyla Mollusks Cnidarians Annelids Arthropods Echinoderms Chordates

Snapshot What are the six kingdoms? Animals in the same phyla are less similar than animals in the same:

Snapshot _________ is sorting things according to similarities. There are 6 ________. A ____ is a group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring. A ___ name is made up of ______ and species.

Snapshot There are _______ animal phyla. There are 2 million animal _______. Cnido means ________. _______ are examples of cnidarians.

Animal Phyla 38 animal phyla 2,000,000 species 6 Important Phyla Cnidarians Mollusks Annelids Arthropods Echinoderms Chordates

Phylum Cnidaria The Cnidarians Cnido= stinging Stinging cells or tentacles Live in salt or freshwater Radial symmetry 2 shapes Polyp Medusa Ex. Jellyfish, sea anemone

Phylum Mollusca Soft bodies Covered by a self made shell The Mollusks Soft bodies Covered by a self made shell Head and ventral foot Live in or near water Ex. Clams, sea slugs, squid, & octopus

Phylum Annelida Bodies in segments or sections Have bristles The Annelids Segmented worms Bodies in segments or sections Have bristles Live in water or on land Ex. Earth worms, leeches

Phylum Arthropoda Ex. Spiders, lobsters, beetles, butterflies The Arthropods Jointed legs Segmented bodies arranged into regions (head, thorax, abdomen, cephlothorax, etc.) Exoskeleton- outer protective covering Sheds when organism grows Ex. Spiders, lobsters, beetles, butterflies

Phylum Echinodermata Tough outer skin Covered with spines The echinoderms Tough outer skin Covered with spines Live in saltwater Move using water Tube feet Ex. Sand dollar, starfish, sea cucumber,

Phylum Chordata Internal skeleton and spinal chord The chordates 100,000 species Internal skeleton and spinal chord Bones or cartilage Body systems Live on land or in water Ex. Humans , dogs, fish, birds

Plant Phyla 11 Plant divisions 4 Important Divisions Mosses Ferns Phyla = Divisions 11 Plant divisions 4 Important Divisions Mosses Ferns Conifers Flowering Plants

Moss Division (Bryophyta) The Mosses Reproduce with spores No roots Very small leaves Grow close to ground No flowers or seeds

Fern Division (Pteridophyta) Roots & Stems Underground stem= rhizome No flowers or seeds Reproduce using spores Very leafy & luscious

Conifers Division (Pinophyta) Seeds in the form of cones Called “Evergreens” Woody plants or trees Needlelike leaves Stems & roots Ex. Pine tree, cedars, firs

Flowering Plant Division (Magnoliophyta) Angiosperms Leaves, stems, and roots Produce flowers Reproduce with seeds found in fruit Ex. Orange tree, pear tree, cherry tree

Scientific vs. Common Name Nomenclature = naming system Common Name- what people in an area call an organism Ex. June bug Organism can have hundreds Scientific Name- used by scientists around the world written in latin Each organism only has one

Scientific Name Written in italics Binomial Nomenclature = 2 name (word) naming system Written in italics First letter of genus is capitalized Genus species or G. species Ex. June bug AKA Figeater Beetle AKA Green Fruit Beetle Scientific name = Cotinis mutabilis or C. mutabilis

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