Solutions To play the movies and simulations included, view the presentation in Slide Show Mode.

Some Definitions A solution is a HOMOGENEOUS mixture of 2 or more substances in a single phase. One part is usually regarded as the SOLVENT and the others as SOLUTES.

Parts of a Solution SOLUTE – the part of a solution that is being dissolved (usually the lesser amount) SOLVENT – the part of a solution that dissolves the solute (usually the greater amount) Solute + Solvent = Solution Solute Solvent Example solid liquid gas

Definitions Solutions can be classified as saturated or unsaturated. A saturated solution contains the maximum quantity of solute that dissolves at that temperature. An unsaturated solution contains less than the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a particular temperature

Definitions SUPERSATURATED SOLUTIONS contain more solute than is possible to be dissolved. SUPERSATURATED SOLUTIONS are unstable. SUPERSATURATED SOLUTIONS are only temporary, and usually accomplished in one of two ways:

More Definitions SUSPENSIONS – The particles are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred. COLLOID – Contains particles that are intermediate in size between those of a solution and a suspension Flour suspended in water

Italian Salad Dressing Orange Juice with pulp Examples of suspensions include: Italian Salad Dressing Orange Juice with pulp

Soluble=describes a substance that CAN be dissolved in a given solvent Insoluble=describes a substance that CAN NOT be dissolved in a given solvent

Factors Affecting Dissolving Rate Increasing the surface area – Making the solute into smaller pieces gives more contact between the solute and the solvent.

Factors Affecting Dissolving Rate Agitating the solution – Stirring or shaking increases contact between solute and solvent

Factors Affecting Dissolving Rate Heating the solution – Increasing the temperature increases the KE making the particles of the solute move faster and increases the collisions between the solute and the solvent.

Solubility is: The maximum amount of solute (solid) that can be dissolved in a solvent (the liquid) at a given temperature.

Concentration of Solute Can be expressed as a percentage, for example: 100% juice, 10% NaCl, 3% H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide)

If the temperature is increased, the solubility of MOST solids increases If the temperature is increased, the solubility of ALL gasses decreases.

Solubility chart: Chart listing the solubility of items in water. It’s used to show lists of things that will or will NOT dissolve in water You will need to practice using one…

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