The Constitution Chapter 3

Federalist Papers, No. 51 – Primary Source

I. Structure and Principles Oldest written constitution still in effect today Has lasted 222 years due to the flexibility and adaptability of the document Flexible due to its very nature, which is brief & ambiguous

A. The Preamble Preamble – Introduction to the Constitution Details six goals of the Constitution 1) “To form a more perfect Union” Wanted to create a better government than the Articles of Confederation 2) “To establish justice”

3) “To insure domestic tranquility” 4) “Provide a common defense” Preservations of peace within the nation 4) “Provide a common defense” Protect citizens against foreign enemies 5) “To promote the general welfare” All individuals given equal opportunity for success 6) “To secure the blessings of liberty” Protection of individual freedoms

B. Articles and Amendments Articles – Constitution contains seven divisions or parts Supremacy Clause – The Constitution, laws passed by Congress, and treaties of the U.S. are the supreme laws of the land Amendments- Provide changes to the original document

C. Major Principles Popular Sovereignty – Rule by the people Federalism – Governmental power is divided between the federal and state government Helps limited the federal government’s power

Separation of Powers – Division of power among the three branches of government Ensures that no single branch of government becomes too powerful Each branch is given powers that can’t be assumed by another branch

http://www.annenbergclassroom.org/AssetLAIC.aspx?id=1421

Judicial Review – Power of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional Marbury v. Madison (1803) – Gave the Court the power to declare laws unconstitutional