Global Winds

What causes winds? Lots of difference Differences in air ___________ More of a difference in pressure = ________ winds Lots of difference

Air __________ @ Equator Air __________ @ Poles You know… Warm air ________ = less dense Cool air _________ = more dense Now understand… Warm air = less dense = low pressure Cool air = more dense = _________ pressure

Global Winds Created by ____________ heating of Earth’s surface.

Global Winds… cont… The movement of air between the ___________ and the poles produces global winds. Coriolis effect produces patterns of air circulation called _______ __________

Global Wind Belts Major global wind systems: Polar easterlies, westerlies, and __________ winds.

Doldrums Where the trade winds meet around the _______________ Very little wind because the warm air rising = ________ pressure

Horse Latitudes ________ pressure areas… 300N and 300S Very weak winds Name: No winds zone~ Spanish ships were too heavy to move, therefore, they had to get rid of something... What do you think it was? The horses!

Jet Streams Bands of high speed winds Upper ______________ and lower stratosphere Blow from west to east at speeds of 200-400 km/hr. Help airplanes save fuel and time when traveling ________.

Local Winds Local winds are winds that blow over _________ distances. Have you ever flown a kite at the beach on a hot summer day? Even if there is no wind inland, there may be a cool breeze blowing in from the water toward the beach. This breeze is an example of local winds! Local winds are winds that blow over _________ distances. They are caused by unequal heating of Earth’s surface within a ____________ area. Types: sea breezes and land breezes Mountain breeze and valley breeze

Sea Breeze (Morning) Land heats up faster than ___________. Hot air over land rises (Low Pressure), cool air over water falls (High Pressure). _________ move from the water (High Pressure) to the land (Low Pressure).

Land Breeze (Evening) Land cools off faster than water. Cool air over land falls (High Pressure), warm air over _______ rises (Low Pressure). Winds move from the land (High Pressure) to the water (Low Pressure).

Valley Breeze (Day) During the day the sun warms the air slopes, creating a valley breeze… at nightfall, the air along the ____________ slopes cools…

Mountain Breeze (Night) This cool air moves down the slopes into the ____________, producing a mountain breeze!

Measuring Wind Winds are described by their direction and speed. Wind Vane Measuring Wind Anemometer – The cups catch the wind, turning faster when the wind blows faster. Winds are described by their direction and speed. Wind direction is determined with a wind vane – points in the direction the wind is moving! Wind speed is measured with an _______________. The increased cooling that a wind can cause is called the wind chill factor.