Intrusions, Inclusions, Cross Cuts intrude include

Intrusions, Inclusions, Cross Cuts - liquid rock (magma) under the Earth’s surface pushes up into any cracks or spaces may take millions of years - small or as big as mountains…. Sierra Nevadas, Devils Tower

Intrusions, Inclusions, Cross Cuts - liquid rock (magma) under the Earth’s surface pushes up into any cracks or spaces may take millions of years - small or as big as mountains…. Sierra Nevadas, Devils Tower

Intrusions, Inclusions, Cross Cuts - liquid rock (magma) under the Earth’s surface pushes up into any cracks or spaces may take millions of years - small or as big as mountains…. Devils Tower, Sierra Nevadas a piece of geological detritus that becomes incorporated into another rock or sediment ‘clast’ in sedimentary rock ‘xenolith’ in igneous rock

The Principle of Intrusive Relationships - invading igneous rock is always younger than the rock it intrudes - several types of intrusions: sill – an intrusion that happens between layers laccolith – a more prominent sill

The Principle of Intrusive Relationships - invading igneous rock is always younger than the rock it intrudes - several types of intrusions: sill – an intrusion that happens between layers

The Principle of Intrusive Relationships - invading igneous rock is always younger than the rock it intrudes - several types of intrusions: dike – an intrusion that cuts across pre-existing rock

The Principle of Intrusive Relationships - invading igneous rock is always younger than the rock it intrudes - several types of intrusions: dike – an intrusion that cuts across pre-existing rock

The Principle of Intrusive Relationships - invading igneous rock is always younger than the rock it intrudes - several types of intrusions: batholith – a large irregular discordant intrusion

The Principle of Intrusive Relationships - invading igneous rock is always younger than the rock it intrudes - several types of intrusions: batholith – a large irregular discordant intrusion

The Principle of Intrusive Relationships - invading igneous rock is always younger than the rock it intrudes - several types of intrusions:

The Principle of Inclusions any inclusion is older than the rock or sediment into which it has been included

Cross Cuts any geologic feature that cuts across a rock or sediment could be faults, intrusions or erosion The Principle of Cross Cutting any cross cut must be younger than the rock or sediment it cuts across.

Sequence erosion E fault (normal) D (intrusion) A B C (oldest)

erosion F (normal) E D (intrusion: dike) C erosion (angular unconformity, nonconformity) B (intrusion: batholith) A (reverse) brown/gray layers, folding (oldest)

Geo 4&5 Practice 7 Geo 4&5 Practice 8 (challenge)

If there is an unconformity write ‘unconformity’ (+ which one). If there is folding write ‘folding’ (+ which type). If there a fault write ‘fault’ (+ which type).

If there is an unconformity write ‘unconformity’ (+ which one). If there is folding write ‘folding’ (+ which type). If there a fault write ‘fault’ (+ which type).

If there is an unconformity write ‘unconformity’ (+ which one). If there is folding write ‘folding’ (+ which type). If there a fault write ‘fault’ (+ which type).

If there is an unconformity write ‘unconformity’ (+ which one). If there is folding write ‘folding’ (+ which type). If there a fault write ‘fault’ (+ which type).

Sequence