Do Now How could the Civil War actually benefit the country economically? 1 2 3 4 5 Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

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Presentation transcript:

Do Now How could the Civil War actually benefit the country economically? 1 2 3 4 5 Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Post Civil War Industrialization Impact of Civil War on the Northern economy Led to rise of industry/mechanization b/c need for weapons/supplies rebuild infrastructure ↓ in textiles, ↑ mass production RR production Need for labor Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

US Industrialization Factors that led to Industrialization Big Business/ Monopolies New Immigration Labor/ Unions Muckrakers Progressive Era Reforms Gilded Age Populists and the West BY 1900 U.S. WAS THE #1 MANUFACTURING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD!!! Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War? Factors of Production Capital/$$$ Labor Natural Resources Plant/Land Transportation System Technology Political Stability Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War? Raw Materials Coal Iron (steel) Oil Lumber Wheat/Corn/Cotton Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Technological Advances Bessemer Process elevator Light bulb Telegraph/Telephone Barbed Wire Cash register/stock ticker/typewriter Automobile Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War? Bessemer Process Invented by William Kelly in 1851, but Henry Bessemer got patent in 1855 Egyptians used similar process, Europe for a couple hundred years, but never to a large extent Bessemer’s process reduces cost of steel 10x!! Turns pig iron into steel Heat iron, then inject cold air, which takes out the carbon particles and other impurities Why steel is HUGE improvement over iron Stronger/lighter/doesn’t rust Impact of Bessemer Process and steel on US Used for RR’s Huge overseas market- ↑↑ GNP by itself Large scale projects-/ car/buildings/ machines/etc. Skyscrapers!!!! Look at Manhattan, wouldn’t exist w/out Bessemer process- upward, not outward!!!! Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Elevator/Skyscrapers William Sullivan “form follows function” “Father of Modernism” Architect who designed early skyscrapers Sullivan elevator Elisha Otis- actually is US inventor but Sullivan uses it in so many of his buildings that he is often credited Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War? Edison “Wizard of Menlo Park” Had invention factory in New Jersey Hires many inventors and they invent, over 1,000 patents granted to his company Phonograph Motion pictures Light bulb- harnessing of electricity!!!!! US becomes 24-7 “Great White Way” Impact on business cannot be understated Alternative to kerosone lamps Safer/ more efficient/cleaner/ consistent Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War? Telephone Alexander Graham Bell-1876- patents telephone Impact on US Communication impact Shrinks US ↓ trips/national businesses Efficiency Women in the workplace!! “Hello Girls” Generates businesses by itself Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War? Automobile Henry Ford Assembly line Impact of Car on US we will do it more during 1920’s Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War? Industrial Giants Rockefeller- oil Carnegie- steel Vanderbilt- RR JP Morgan- Banks Swift- Meat Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War? Labor Force US immigration policies and birth rate combined to have an almost unlimited supply of labor to fill the needs of industrialization Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War? US POPULATION Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Transportation of Goods/Services RR!!!! ENOUGH SAID!!! Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War? Business Models Adam Smith- “Wealth of Nations” Capitalist bible Horizontal Integration (Rockefeller) strategy where a company creates or acquires production units for outputs which are alike - either complementary or competitive. Development of monopolies!!! Vertical Integration (Swift/Carnegie) arrangement in which the entire supply chain of a product is owned by the one company Cutting out the middle man!!! Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?

New Management Techniques Business flow chart CEO’s “Scientific management”-Frederick Taylor Accounting Advertising Incentives Specialization of labor Supervision of labor Aim: How did the US industrialize after the Civil War?