4/11/2019 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [modulation summary for TG4a] Date Submitted: [2 August 2005] Source: [Ismail Lakkis] Company [Wideband Access, Inc.] Voice:[+1 858 642 9114], E-Mail: [ilakkis@widebandaccess.com] Abstract: [Modulation options for TG4a] Purpose: [Assist the group in the selection of a modulation scheme] Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Options I, II, III & IV Options I, II, III & IV are the result of collaboration with: Ismail Lakkis Wideband Access Inc. Saeid Safavi Wideband Access Inc. Andy Molisch Mitsubishi Electric Philip Orlik Mitsubishi Electric Zafer Sahinoglu Mitsubishi Electric Matt Welborn Freescale Semiconductor Shahriar Emami Freescale Semiconductor Francois Shin I2R Michael Mc Laughlin decaWave Ryuji Khono NICT Vern Berthour Time Domain Corp. Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

Bipolar & Ternary Scrambling 4/11/2019 Bipolar & Ternary Scrambling Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Modulation Options Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

Bipolar Burst & Burst PPM 4/11/2019 Bipolar Burst & Burst PPM Average PRF = 15.4375 MHz  Average PRI = 64.77 ns Target data rate (before FEC) = 1.93 Mbps Target data rate (after FEC) = 0.965 Mbps bit duration = 518.2 ns number of pulses per bit for a 1.93 MHz data rate = 8 ON pulses Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Option I Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Option II Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Option III Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Option IV Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

Option X = Option III + Specific FEC 4/11/2019 Option X = Option III + Specific FEC Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Receiver Structure Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Option V (NICT) Joint optimization of spreading rate and SOC rate (Super-Orthogonal Convolutional code) Improved performance over spreading followed by rate ½ convolutional code ? Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

Option VI: STM Time-Hopping (TH) Impulse Radio (IR) Flexible receiver: 4/11/2019 Option VI: STM Time-Hopping (TH) Impulse Radio (IR) Flexible receiver: Non-coherent (PPM) Coherent (PPM + BPSK) Extension: Diff. coherent (PPM + DBPSK) Ts Tc Tf +1 -1 Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

Option VI: STM System Parameters Frame levels (Nf) = 16 4/11/2019 Option VI: STM System Parameters Frame levels (Nf) = 16 Guard time/frame (Tg) = 14Tc = 28 ns TH sequence length (LPN) = 8 PN sequence (used in simulations) = [1,-2,3,-4,-2,3,-5,1] Symbol time (Tg + Nf *Tc) * LPN = 484.8 ns Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

Option VII-VIII-IX PRFpeak (MHz) Coherent Non-Coherent (Option VII) 4/11/2019 Option VII-VIII-IX PRFpeak (MHz) Coherent Non-Coherent (Option VII) (Option VIII) (Option IX) 30.875 Same as Option II 2 coded bit / 32 chip (4-ary 32-TOK sequence) 4 info. bit / 128 chip (based on 16-ary 32-TOK sequence) (based on 16-ary 127-TOK sequence) 61.75 Not Applicable 4 info. bit / 256 chip 247 4 info. bit / 1024 chip Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

PBTS Seq #1 1 zero padding Symbol-to-Chip Mapping (Option VIII): 4/11/2019 Symbol-to-Chip Mapping (Option VIII): Gray coded 4-ary Ternary Orthogonal Keying Symbol Cyclic shift to right by n chips, n= 32-Chip value 00 + 0 + + 0 0 0 - + - + + 0 0 + + 0 + 0 0 - 0 0 0 0 - 0 + 0 - - 0 01 8 0 0 - 0 + 0 - - + 0 + + 0 0 0 - + - + + 0 0 + + 0 + 0 0 - 0 0 0 11 16 + 0 + 0 0 - 0 0 0 0 - 0 + 0 - - + 0 + + 0 0 0 - + - + + 0 0 + 0 10 24 - + - + + 0 0 + + 0 + 0 0 - 0 0 0 0 - 0 + 0 - - + 0 + + 0 0 0 0 PBTS Seq #1 1 zero padding Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Simulation Results Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

Simulation Parameters 4/11/2019 Simulation Parameters Bandwidth 10dB-BW ~ 500 MHz Base Peak PRF 15.4375 MHz Additional PRFs 30.875, 61.75, 123.5 Data rates 7.7Mbps, 3.8Mbps, 1.9Mbps, 0.96Mbps, 480Kbps, 240Kbps, 120Kbps Channel coding Convolutional code K = 5, Rate = 1/2 modulation Ternary via scrambler spreader #SOPs 6 per FDM band Multiple access FDM/Scrambler CDM Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

Simulation Assumptions 4/11/2019 Simulation Assumptions PRF : 15.4375 MHz Effective Data Rate ~ 1 MHz Channel Coding : Rate ½ Conv. (K = 5) Frame/Frequency : Assume perfect sync Channel estimation : not perfect Uncoded Packet Length : 32 octets Option I with Peak PRF of 7.7 MHz Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

Simulation Results (Coherent) 4/11/2019 Simulation Results (Coherent) EbN0 Required for 1%PER AWGN 4 dB CM1 8 Fingers - 7 Fingers 6 Fingers 5 Fingers 5.5 dB 4 Fingers 6.5 dB 3 Fingers 2 Fingers 8.5 dB 1 Finger 11 dB Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

Simulation Results (Coherent) 4/11/2019 Simulation Results (Coherent) CM8 EbN0 Required for 1%PER 8 Fingers 10.0 7 Fingers 11.0 6 Fingers 11.5 5 Fingers 12.0 4 Fingers - 3 Fingers 2 Fingers 1 Finger Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

Simulation Results (Non-Coherent) 4/11/2019 Simulation Results (Non-Coherent) EbN0 Required for 1%PER AWGN 10 dB CM1 8 Fingers - 7 Fingers 6 Fingers 5 Fingers 4 Fingers 3 Fingers 15 dB 2 Fingers 16 dB 1 Finger Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Option III Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Option III Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)

4/11/2019 Option III FEC Options Ismail Lakkis (Wideband Access, Inc.)