Introduction to Logic start a new RAW Book entry (#7)

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Inductive and Deductive Reasoning

Advertisements

DEDUCTIVE vs. INDUCTIVE REASONING

CREATING A CONVINCING ARGUMENT Persuasive Writing.

Debate. Inductive Reasoning When you start with a probable truth, and seek evidence to support it. Most scientific theories are inductive. Evidence is.

Clarke, R. J (2001) L951-08: 1 Critical Issues in Information Systems BUSS 951 Seminar 8 Arguments.

Debate. Inductive Reasoning When you start with a probable truth, and seek evidence to support it. Most scientific theories are inductive. Evidence is.

DEDUCTIVE & INDUCTIVE ARGUMENTS

Logic and Reason. Deductive Reasoning Reasoning that moves from the general to the particular Watchdogs bark at strangers. The watchdog did not bark at.

Section 2.3 Deductive Reasoning.

Section 2-3 Deductive Reasoning. Types of Reasoning:

Terms of Logic and Types of Argument AP English Language and Composition.

Deductive Reasoning Chapter 2 Lesson 4.

Question of the Day!  We shared a lot of examples of illogical arguments!  But how do you make a LOGICAL argument? What does your argument need? What.

DEDUCTIVE REASONING MOVES FROM A GENERALIZATION THAT IS TRUE OR SELF-EVIDENT TO A MORE SPECIFIC CONCLUSION DEDUCTIVE REASONING.

Classical Oration.  Structure in arguments defines which parts go where.  People don’t always agree about what parts an argument should include or what.

DEDUCTIVE VS. INDUCTIVE REASONING. Problem Solving Logic – The science of correct reasoning. Reasoning – The drawing of inferences or conclusions from.

DEDUCTIVE VS. INDUCTIVE REASONING Section 1.1. PROBLEM SOLVING Logic – The science of correct reasoning. Reasoning – The drawing of inferences or conclusions.

Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

 Induction is the process of drawing a general conclusion from incomplete evidence.  You consider evidence you have seen or heard to draw a conclusion.

Analyzing Arguments Section 1.5. Valid arguments An argument consists of two parts: the hypotheses (premises) and the conclusion. An argument is valid.

Deductive s. Inductive Reasoning

Do now Can you make sure that you have finished your Venn diagrams from last lesson. Can you name 5 famous mathematicians (including one that is still.

METHODS IN ANTHROPOLOGY SCIENCE AND INTERPRETATION.

Deductive and Inductive Arguments All bats are mammals. All mammals are warm-blooded. So, all bats are warm-blooded. All arguments are deductive or.

Verb tense consistency

09/17/08 BR- Identify the premises and the conclusion in the following deductive argument. Is it valid or invalid? All fish need gills to breath water.

DEDUCTIVE vs. INDUCTIVE REASONING

DEDUCTIVE vs. INDUCTIVE REASONING

Logic Part 2 A Mr. C Production.

a valid argument with true premises.

Author’s Viewpoint and Strength of an Argument

3 Types of Arguments: Ethos- Establishing a reason to listen or believe the speaker. E.g., “that guy is wearing a tie so he must know what he’s saying.”

Deductive and Inductive

Deductive and Inductive REASONING

Inductive vs. Deductive Reasoning

CST 24 – Logic.

10/28/09 BR- What is the most important factor in winning an argument

Argumentation and Persuasion

Deduction: Reasoning from general principles to specific conclusions.

DEDUCTIVE vs. INDUCTIVE REASONING

Earlier we learned about inductive reasoning. • Earlier we learned about inductive reasoning. • Look at specific examples. • Recognize patterns, which.

DEDUCTIVE vs. INDUCTIVE REASONING

Reasoning, Logic, and Position Statements

DEDUCTIVE vs. INDUCTIVE REASONING

DEDUCTIVE vs. INDUCTIVE REASONING

Deductive Reasoning: The process of thought through which a conclusion is reached through a set of premises (assumptions that something is true).

Using Inductive Arguments

2.1-2 Inductive Reasoning and Conditional Statements

Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

2.3 Apply Deductive Reasoning

DEDUCTIVE vs. INDUCTIVE REASONING Section 1.1. Problem Solving Logic – The science of correct reasoning. Reasoning – The drawing of inferences or conclusions.

Chapter 3 Introduction to Logic 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

DEDUCTIVE vs. INDUCTIVE REASONING

Premise: If it’s a school day, then I have Geometry class.

Deductive Arguments: Checking for Validity

Constructing a Logical Argument

Giving Evidence and Experimenting

Logical Fallacies.

The Persuasive Speech Ch. 24.

Syllogisms and Enthymemes.

FCAT Science Standard Arianna Medina.

The Scientific Method An overview.

Propositional Logic 1) Introduction Copyright 2008, Scott Gray.

ID1050– Quantitative & Qualitative Reasoning

If there is any case in which true premises lead to a false conclusion, the argument is invalid. Therefore this argument is INVALID.

DEDUCTIVE vs. INDUCTIVE REASONING

If there is any case in which true premises lead to a false conclusion, the argument is invalid. Therefore this argument is INVALID.

Give your opinion in the opening statement.

Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Logic start a new RAW Book entry (#7) Classical Humanities Introduction to Logic start a new RAW Book entry (#7)

Logic is… A particular method of argumentation. A tool to develop reasonable conclusions based on a given set of data. A tool to deal very specifically with information in its purest form. Free of emotion. Based on verifiable facts.

Logic Used in everyday thinking and argument analysis. Consists of two types of reasoning (thinking): Deductive Inductive

Deductive Logic All English teachers are boring. (premise #1) Uses information from a large set and applies that information to a specific part of that set. All English teachers are boring. (premise #1) Mrs. Payne is an English teacher. (premise #2) Therefore, Mrs. Payne is boring. (conclusion)

Inductive Logic Uses specific data to form a larger, general conclusion. Considered the opposite of deductive reasoning. Yesterday I left for school at 7:50 am and made it here on time. (premise #1) Today I left for school at 7:50 am and made it here on time. (premise #2) Therefore, if I leave for school at 7:50 am, I will always make it here on time. (conclusion)

Problems? Deductive reasoning only works when both premises are true. Using words like 'all' will generally falsify your statement (only one example of the contrary is needed). However, if you use words like 'many' or 'some,' it is less likely that your premises will be rejected. So, when using this type of reasoning, make sure your premises are verifiable. Inductive reasoning requires lots of data. The more data you present, the easier it is for your reader to make the necessary leap to your conclusion. The more data, the shorter the leap. Two data points regarding driving time are not enough. Those days happened to be sunny and clear. There were no school buses. There were no accidents. There were no barfing toddlers.

Now you try! Deductive Logic All dogs are mammals. (premise #1) Some carnivores are dogs. (premise #2) Therefore, some carnivores are mammals. (c0nclusion) Write a deductive argument of your own!