Pilgrim - group or person on a religious journey

Pilgrims Separatists group Want break away from Church of England Want simple church ceremonies No music – statues of saints – gold crosses Persecuted in the name of King James I

Pilgrims Move to Holland Dissatisfied w/ life there Have religious freedom Dissatisfied w/ life there They are foreigners Limited to low paying jobs Fear children become “Dutch”

Pilgrims V.C. grants them land near Hudson River Storm blows them off course Settle in Massachusetts

Miles Standish Hired as a military leader for the colony

Thanksgiving Harvest celebration – give thanks for a good harvest Done all the time in Europe President Washington – Nov. 26 Thanksgiving Day President Lincoln – official holiday – last Thursday in Nov.

The Plymouth Colony Lacked a good harbor Never achieved material success No cash crop – no fishing/business trade Sole purpose was religious freedom No new people went there Their religious views not widely held in England

Puritans

Sense of Mission Change (purify) the Church of England Unsuccessful Go on an Errand Into The Wilderness In America establish Massachusetts Bay Colony John Winthrop – governor

A Model “City upon the hill” – “A beacon of light” Set the example of how a community should live

The Great Migration 1630 - 1640 20,000 move to Mass. Bay Colony

Connecticut Founded by Thomas Hooker Fundamental Orders Puritan settlement Fundamental Orders Representative government Limited government power

Have an Agreement w/ God If don’t live up to the agreement – Not prosper Signs that God is unhappy with the Community Disease Crop failures Indian attacks Anything out of the ordinary

Community Heart of community General Court Church Everyone must attend Only church members could vote General Court Law making body of the colony only men hold office

Success of the Community New England Way Hard work – Honesty - Stress education To read Bible How do they ensure success of the community? Keep an eye on each other

Challenges to Puritan Leadership

How does Roger Williams challenge authority? Opposed mandatory church attendance Should buy land from Indians Banished from Mass. Bay Colony Founded Rhode Island Tolerated other religious ideas Established Separation of Church & State

Why is Anne Hutchinson a threat to the community? Challenged church authority Held religious discussions in her home Do not need ministers Direct revelation from God She was a woman Banished from the colony Went to Rhode Island

King Philips War A colonist killed an Indian for stealing cattle Indians began killing & burning farms Half towns of New England destroyed Colonists unite and defeat Indians

Lesson of Salem Witch Trials A society can create scapegoats for its problems