The Expanding Role of Endoscopic Robotics in Mitral Valve Surgery: 1,257 Consecutive Procedures  Douglas A. Murphy, MD, Emmanuel Moss, MDCM, MS, Jose.

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The Expanding Role of Endoscopic Robotics in Mitral Valve Surgery: 1,257 Consecutive Procedures  Douglas A. Murphy, MD, Emmanuel Moss, MDCM, MS, Jose Binongo, PhD, Jeffrey S. Miller, MD, Steven K. Macheers, MD, Eric L. Sarin, MD, Alexander M. Herzog, BS, Vinod H. Thourani, MD, Robert A. Guyton, MD, Michael E. Halkos, MD, MS  The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  Volume 100, Issue 5, Pages 1675-1682 (November 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.05.068 Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Port placement for lateral endoscopic approach using robotics (LEAR) surgery. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2015 100, 1675-1682DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.05.068) Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Trends in lateral endoscopic approach using robotics (LEAR) surgery over time. (A) Aortic occlusion time by year, according to procedure type. (B) Performance of concomitant procedures at the time of mitral valve (MV) surgery: MV replacement with concomitant procedures (solid line); MV replacement (dotted line); MV repair with concomitant procedures (dashed line); and MV repair (broken line). Concomitant procedures include tricuspid valve repair or atrial ablation. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2015 100, 1675-1682DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.05.068) Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Institutional trend in operative approach and mortality for isolated mitral valve surgery by year. The bar graph describes the use of robotic-assisted (black areas) versus nonrobotic (gray areas), sternotomy plus thoracotomy, approaches over time. The gray line indicates institutional combined mortality for mitral valve surgery during the study period. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 2015 100, 1675-1682DOI: (10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.05.068) Copyright © 2015 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions