The Fall of the Roman Republic Julius Ceasar The Fall of the Roman Republic

Fall of the Roman Republic? What were the problems with Imperial Rome? What were the attempts made at reform? Widespread unemployment of Plebeians Massive food shortage when city is overpopulated Corruption in senate Distributing lands and farms Bridging gap between Plebeians and Patricians

Julius Ceasar was born in 100 B.C. to a wealthy family in Subura, Rome He was a renowned general for his military might Ceasar will become allies with other powerful men around Rome Who is Julius Ceasar?

Ceasar: The General Ceasar gained fame for conquering lands in Gaul, modern day France Writes the Commentaries, a firsthand account about his conquests that were written for the Plebeians to promote his image The Commentaries described the people of Gaul as barbaric further helping the propaganda of Caesar to the plebeians

Triumvirate Triumvirate was an alliance between Ceasar, Pompey, and Crassus Men traded positions as Consul to assure they always had an ally in power Pompey was a respected general and mentor Crassus was known as the richest man in Rome

Pompey, Caesar, and Crassus are immediately suspicious of each other Caesar was suspicious of Crassus but closer allies with Pompey Crassus is killed at Battle of Harran  Pompey who was married to Caesar's daughter before her death is now even more fearful of his status in alliance Triumvirate

Caesar vs. Pompey Following the death of Crassus, Caesar is most popular member of Triumvirate Pompey is Consul at the time and is jealous of Caesar's status Pompey orders Caesar to return to Rome and face the senate for crimes against the empire

Caesar vs. Pompey Caesar returns to Rome but with his legions behind him to fight Pompey Pompey hears of this and orders Caesar to stop at the Rubicon in Northern Rome Caesar, crosses the Rubicon effectively starting a civil war between the former friends "Crossing the Rubicon" means to cross a line that you cannot go back on

Caesar vs. Pompey Caesars powerful armies destroy the armies of Pompey.  This leads to Caesar proclaiming proof that Pompey was not a good general Caesar is greatly outnumbered but defeats Pompey and forces him to flee Rome With Pompey defeated the Senate is no more and Caesar made Dictator

Dictatorship Caesar is named dictator for life in 46 B.C. As Dictator Caesar will rule unchallenged as the singular ruler Caesar promises to bring reforms that corrupted Republic could not bring

Reforms Caesar wants to keep his promises to the Plebeians, employing the jobless and giving public land to the poor Caesar grants citizenship to many conquered peoples and allows for conquered provinces to have representation in government As dictator he will update the tax structure and use an Egyptian based calendar that is very similar to the modern one

The Ides of March Julius Caesar has been murdered in Rome!! Who could have done this? The suspects are the people of Gaul, the Senate, the Military, or     the Plebeians Rank the suspects and list a reason why they could be guilty or why they could be innocent.

The Ides of March https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a HYzn9y_B1M The Senate were the killers of Caesar, jealous after losing their power and ability to control the government On March 15th, 44 B.C. Caesar was stabbed 23 times by the senators after they called him for a meeting but set up an ambush The assassins included Caesar's trusted friend Brutus showing the unpopularity of the dictator with the Patricians  The Ides of March

Aftermath of Caesar Caesar's death leads to more civil wars affecting Rome Octavian, Caesar's grandnephew and Mark Anthony, the chief general of Caesar's army hunt down their allies killers Octavian and Mark Anthony will now fight for control of Rome with Octavian eventually winning and becoming the first emperor of Rome

Homework Was the age of Caesar good or bad for Rome? Write in 8-10 sentences if the end of the Republic was a positive based on the past two days of notes.