Chapter 4: Perceiving Persons

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 4: Perceiving Persons Part 3: Sept. 22, 2010

Some sources of the FAE 1) Actor-observer difference. What is it? Example? 2) Time perspective – 3) Cultural differences – how does collectivism or individualism relate to situational explanations?

Motivational Biases Self-serving biases Influence of need for self-esteem Belief in a just world

Impression Formation How do we integrate information to form impressions? Common deviations from rules: Perceiver characteristics Priming effects Target characteristics

Implicit Personality Theory – Using info about one trait to infer other traits Links with primacy effect – Which trait do we learn about first?

Confirmation Biases Belief Perseverance - search for confirming evidence Some events are ambiguous What do we do with disconfirming evidence? “More compelling evidence is needed to alter beliefs than to create them” Remedy ?

Confirmation Biases (cont.) Self-fulfilling prophecy – Expectations can lead to fulfillment Pygmalion in the classroom – what are the results? Negative expectations - Positive expectations – Differences between typical experiment in this area vs. reality? Research on how targets can overcome the effect:

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