Release of tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) by TNFα cleaving enzyme (TACE) in response to septic stimuli in vitro†  Robertshaw H.J. , Brennan F.M.   British.

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Release of tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) by TNFα cleaving enzyme (TACE) in response to septic stimuli in vitro†  Robertshaw H.J. , Brennan F.M.   British Journal of Anaesthesia  Volume 94, Issue 2, Pages 222-228 (February 2005) DOI: 10.1093/bja/aei021 Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Changes in memTNF and solTNF in LPS-stimulated monocytes. Human monocytes were plated, stimulated with LPS (10 ng ml−1) and harvested at the time points shown. (a) The cells were fixed with 0.1% paraformaldehyde (final concentration), stained for memTNF (membrane) and analysed by FACS. The data are shown as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI [1 sd]) from seven experiments (appropriate isotype control subtracted). (b) The supernatants were analysed for mean (1 sd) solTNF (soluble) (pg ml−1) by sandwich ELISA (**P<0.01 compared with unstimulated cells). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 94, 222-228DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei021) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Accumulated memTNF assessed by WEHI assay. Human monocytes were plated and treated with LPS (10 ng ml−1), BB94 (10 μM) and cA2 (100 μg ml−1). The cells were harvested at the time points shown, fixed with 0.1% paraformaldehyde and added to a WEHI assay at a ratio of 10 treated monocytes to one WEHI cell. Data are shown as mean (1 sd) percentage cell death as compared with unstimulated cells from seven experiments, each using a different blood donor. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 94, 222-228DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei021) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Decrease of surface TACE on LPS-stimulated monocytes. Human monocytes were plated, stimulated with LPS (10 ng ml−1) and harvested at the times shown (a). The cells were fixed with 0.1% paraformaldehyde, stained for TACE and analysed by FACS. The data are shown as MFI (1 sd) from seven experiments (appropriate isotype control subtracted). For confocal microscopy human monocytes were plated, stimulated with LPS and transferred to gelatin-coated coverslips at 24 h. These cells were fixed with 3% paraformaldehyde, blocked with 3% BSA and stained for TACE (M222) and goat anti-mouse IgG-Alexa 488 (10 μg ml−1) as a secondary antibody then visualised by confocal microscopy (b). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 94, 222-228DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei021) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Changes in memTNF on stimulated monocytes with the addition of BB94. Human monocytes were stimulated with LPS (10 ng ml−1) and harvested at the times shown. To one group of cells BB94 (10 μM) was added at the time of harvest. The cells were fixed with 0.1% paraformaldehyde, stained for memTNF (membrane) and analysed by FACS (10 000 events counted). Data are shown as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI [1 sd]) from seven experiments (appropriate isotype control subtracted). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 94, 222-228DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei021) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Changes in solTNF and memTNF on monocytes following LPS, zymosan or N. meningitidis stimulation. Human monocytes were stimulated with LPS (10 ng ml−1), zymosan (30 μg ml−1), or heat-inactivated N. meningitidis (106 cells well−1) and harvested at the times shown. (a) Supernatants were removed and analysed for solTNF (soluble) by sandwich ELISA. Data are shown from triplicate cultures using different blood donors and expressed as mean (1 sd) solTNF (pg ml−1). (b) Cells were fixed with 0.1% paraformaldehyde, stained for memTNF (membrane) and analysed by FACS (10 000 events counted). Data are shown as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI [1 sd]) from seven experiments (appropriate isotype control subtracted). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 94, 222-228DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei021) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 6 Changes in TACE surface protein and catalytic activity in monocytes following LPS, zymosan or N. meningitidis stimulation. Human monocytes were stimulated with LPS (10 ng ml−1), zymosan (30 μg ml−1) or heat-inactivated N. meningitidis (106 cells well−1) and harvested at the times shown. (a) Cells were fixed with 0.1% paraformaldehyde, stained for TACE (membrane) and analysed by FACS (10 000 events counted). (b) To one group of cells BB94 (10 μM) was added at the time of harvest. The cells were stained for memTNF and analysed by FACS (10 000 events counted). Data are shown as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI [1 sd]) from seven experiments (appropriate isotype control subtracted). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2005 94, 222-228DOI: (10.1093/bja/aei021) Copyright © 2005 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions