KIR2DS2 recognizes the HCV peptide LNP.

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KIR2DS2 recognizes the HCV peptide LNP. KIR2DS2 recognizes the HCV peptide LNP. (A) Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated overnight with interleukin-15 (IL-15) and incubated for 4 hours with 721.174 cells that had been loaded with VAPWNSFAL or with VAPWNSFAL plus the indicated HCV peptides at a concentration of 5 μM. The mean CD107a expression plus 1 SD on CD3−CD56+CD158b+ NK cells from three unselected donors is shown. (B to D) CD107a degranulation assays of NK cells from KIR2DL2+/KIR2DS2+ and KIR2DL3+/KIR2DS2− donors in response to 721.174 cells incubated with indicated peptides. Peptides were used at 5 μM each. (B) Flow cytometry histogram plots of CD107a expression gated on CD3−CD56+CD158b+ NK cells from two donors of different KIR genotype. The results from five donors of each genotype are summarized for CD158b+ NK cells in (C) and for CD158b− NK cells in (D). Means and SEs for each condition are shown. P values indicate comparison to VAPWNSFAL alone. ns, not significant. (E and F) NKL cells either untransfected or transfected with KIR2DL2 or KIR2DS2 were incubated with 721.221 cells transfected with HLA-C*0102 or with HLA-C*0102 + LNPSVAATL (C*0102-LNP), and the cytotoxicity of the 721.221 cells was measured by flow cytometry. (E) Flow cytometry histogram plots of the uptake of the LIVE/DEAD Fixable Aqua Dead dye by the target cells incubated with the indicated effector cells. The means and SEs from three independent cytotoxicity experiments are shown in (F). Effector-to-target (E/T) ratios are also shown. P values indicate the comparison of cytotoxicity between the HLA-C*0102 and the HLA-C*0102–LNP targets. Where shown, P values were determined by independent two-tailed t tests (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001). Mohammed M. Naiyer et al. Sci. Immunol. 2017;2:eaal5296 Copyright © 2017 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works