Introduction to Asian American Studies ETHN 14: Introduction to Asian American Studies Department of Ethnic Studies & Asian American Studies Program California State University, Sacramento Week 4 Session 2 Chinese and “Gold Mountain”

Last Time Described research methods in ethnic studies by exploring the arguments of social historians, Howard Zinn and Gary Okihiro and examining an oral history interview transcription.

Today Discuss/define crosscutting themes that will allow us to conduct a comparative analysis of communities over the next several weeks Apply crosscutting themes to Ch. 3 of Kitano and Daniels by categorizing and contextualizing key terms associated with the early Chinese American experience

Crosscutting Themes Questions Immigrant populations Which groups immigrated? Settlement Patterns Where did they settle and why? Factors that influenced immigration What were the push factors? What were the pull factors? Labor What forms of work were prevalent? Foreign Affairs How did the nation of origin’s relationship with the US affect their experience? Community Institutions How are are communities organized? Exclusion, Surveillance, and Discrimination How did forms of bias and prejudice shape their experience? Representations of the “Other” What images were transmitted about the group by the dominant culture? Generations and Acculturation What continuities and changes took shape among different generations?

Categorizing Key Terms Group 1: Sojourner immigrants, San Francisco (dai fu) Group 2: Gold Rush, Six Companies Group 3: Railroads, Ordinances of living and labor conditions, Group 4: Charlie Chan, Laundries Group 5: Foreign Miners Tax, “hatchet men” Group 6:, Family associations, Native Sons of the Golden State Group 7: Tongs, Agriculture Group 8: Bachelor societies, Chinese Exclusion Act

Crosscutting Themes Chinese Americans Immigrant Populations Sojourner immigrants Settlement Patterns Gold Rush, San Francisco (dai fu), Railroads, bachelor societies Factors that influenced Immigration (Push-Pull) Labor Gold Rush, Agriculture, Railroad, laundries Country of Origin’s Relationship with US Government Exclusion, Surveillance, and Discrimination Foreign Miners Tax, Chinese Exclusion Act, Ordinances of living and labor conditions Community Institutions Six Companies, Family Associations, Tongs, bachelor societies Cultural representations of the racialized “other” Charlie Chan, hatchet men Generations and Acculturation

Questions to consider: Crosscutting Themes Chinese Americans Immigrant Populations Sojourner immigrants Settlement Patterns Gold Rush, San Francisco (dai fu), Railroads, bachelor societies Factors that influenced Immigration (Push-Pull) Labor Gold Rush, Agriculture, Railroad, laundries Country of Origin’s Relationship with US Government Exclusion, Surveillance, and Discrimination Foreign Miners Tax, Chinese Exclusion Act, Ordinances of living and labor conditions Community Institutions Six Companies, Family Associations, Tongs, bachelor societies Cultural representations of the racialized “other” Charlie Chan, hatchet men Generations and Acculturation Questions to consider: How is the community structured? How is power distributed? How are identities constructed inside and outside of the community? -Where are cultural differences observed?

To Prepare for Next Session Reading Notes on Hu-Dehart (2012) Chinatowns and Borderlands Begin reading Bulosan for OBD