Overview of Working Party 3/5 “ICT and climate change” Paolo Gemma Chairman ITU-T WP3 of Study Group 5

Structure of ITU-T Study Group 5 ITU-T SG5 “Environment and climate change” Q 12 Terminology WP1/5 Damage prevention and safety WP2/5 Electromagnetic fields: emission, immunity and human exposure WP3/5 ICT and climate change Kindly note that WP3 has 8 question if we count the new Question of Gilbert. 5 Questions 6 Questions 7 Questions

Working Party 3/5 “ICT and climate change” WP3/5 is responsible for studies relating to ICT, environment and climate change, development of methodologies for evaluating the ICT effects on climate change and publishing guidelines for using ICTs in an eco-friendly way. Work areas: Q13/5 - Environmental impact reduction including e-waste Q14/5 - Setting up a low cost sustainable telecommunication infrastructure for rural communications in developing countries Q15/5 - ICTs and adaptation to the effects of climate change Q16/5 - Leveraging and enhancing the ICT Environmental sustainability Q17/5 - Energy efficiency for the ICT sector and harmonization of environmental standards Q18/5 - Methodologies for the assessment of environmental impact of ICT Q19/5 - Power feeding systems

Question 13/5 Environmental impact reduction including e-waste Brief Description Main Tasks Study the safety and environmental performance associated with ICTs, including the avoidance of hazardous materials and final disposal Ensure that the ICTs cause minimum environmental and health impact Minimize and mitigate the effect of e-waste work program Motivate ITU members to share experiences and spread knowledge related to environmental sustainability aspects Determine processes to minimize the environmental impact Study solutions to mitigate e-waste. UCS/CPS, rare metals, battery, conflict material……

ITU-T L.1000 “Universal power adapter and charger solution for mobile terminals and other ICT hand held devices” (Recommendation ITU-T L.1000) A paramount step towards e-waste reduction! Saves 82,000 tons of e-waste per year Saves at least 13.6 million tonnes of CO2 emissions annually Recommendation ITU-T L.1000 provides high level requirements for a universal power adapter and charger solution that will reduce the number of power adapters and chargers produced and recycled by widening their application to more devices and increasing their lifetime. The solution also aims to reduce energy consumption. The longer life cycle and possibility of avoiding device duplication reduces the demand on raw materials and waste. The universal power adapter and charger solution is designed to serve the vast majority of mobile terminals and other ICT devices. 5 5

ITU-T L.1001 Approved! Contributions are needed to develop Universal Power Adapter for portable devices (Phase 2) “External universal power adapter solutions for ICT equipment for stationary use” (Recommendation ITU-T L.1001) Saves 300,000 tonnes of e-waste annually Reduces the energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of external power supplies by between 25% and 50% Recommendation ITU-T L.1001 provides requirements for a universal power adapter solution (UPA) for stationary ICT devices that will reduce the number of produced power adapters by widening their application to more devices, enabling their reuse and increasing their lifetime. The solution also aims to reduce energy consumption. The longer life cycle and possibility of avoiding device duplication reduces the demand on raw materials and production of huge e-waste amount. The universal power adapter solution for ICT equipment for stationary use is designed to serve the vast majority of ICT devices. 6 6

ITU-T L.1100 “A method to provide recycling information of rare metals in ICT goods” (Recommendation ITU-T L.1100) Outlines key considerations in all phases of the recycling process, and provides guidelines as to how organisations may fairly and transparently report on rare metal recycling. Rec. L.1100 provides information on the recycling procedures of rare metals in information and communication technology (ICT) goods. It also defines a communication format for providing recycling information of rare metals contained in ICT goods. 7 7

Question 14/5 Setting up a low cost sustainable telecommunication infrastructure for rural communications in developing countries Brief Description Main Tasks Setting up a low cost sustainable telecommunication infrastructure for rural communications in developing countries Existing systems do not meet challenges in developing countries and are not mass deployed in rural area. A suitable set of system requirements should be developed addressing the identified rural challenges. work program Develop guidance on addressing challenges of setting up sustainable telecommunication infrastructure in rural areas of developing nations. Develop system requirements, emphasizing energy efficient systems. Take into consideration power requirements given that deployment of telecommunication systems in areas without access to electricity grid. Taking into consideration the need for resilient mobile networks in all countries for disaster situations (e.g. hurricane, tropical storm, etc.).

Question 15/5 ICTs and adaptation to the effects of climate change Brief Description Main Tasks Using ICT to better enable countries to adapt to climate change Establishing a robust telecommunications infrastructure for extreme climate conditions Helping countries adapt to the negative effects of climate change using ICT Establishing links at regional and national levels work program Drafting deliverables L.adaptation and Infrastructure (Best practices for countries to use ICT in adapting to the effects of climate change) L.Repeater (Best practices for submarine repeaters in the dual role of communications and environmental monitoring services) Report on Portal requirements (Specifying requirements and initial content for a new ITU-T portal on ICT and adaptation to climate change) Establishing requirements via questionnaires and analysis Seeking cooperation with expert groups Encouraging ICT industry involvement in climate change adaptation

Question 16/5 Leveraging and enhancing the ICT Environmental sustainability Brief Description Main Tasks ITU-T SG5 Recommendations allow organizations to estimatd report their environmental impacts Eco-specifications and eco-rating guidance are needed to complement these methodologies Recommendations showed also a need to clarify the use of emission factors work program Develop Recommendations on a methodology to assess the added value of an eco-rating programme. investigate what are the principles, benefits, drawbacks underlying the creation of a worldwide database containing key indicators and/or emission factors?

Question 17/5 Energy Efficiency for the ICT sector and harmonization of environmental standards Brief Description Main Tasks Definition of measurement methods, metrics/KPI and reference values for different technologies Sharing of best practices for ICT’s energy efficiency enhancements Analysis of the most energy efficient architectures and solutions in support of smart grids Complement and harmonize ICT and environmental standards developed by other SGs and Std Bodies work program Develop Recommendations in the in the field of energy efficiency (see next slide) Develop best practices and best reference cases Provide and maintain an overview of key mitigation technologies Coordinate with other SGs and other bodies on a regular basis to ensure closest alignment

ITU-T L.1300 and L.1310 ITU-T L.1300 “Best practices for green data centers” Definition of best practices for: Data Center utilization, management and planning; ICT equipment and services; power and cooling equipment Detailed real case studies reported in a specific Supplement ITU-T L.1310 “Energy efficiency metrics and measurement for TLC equipment” Metrics and measurement methods defined for broadband wireline/wireless equipment and small networking devices These metrics allow for comparisons of equipments within the same class (e.g. equipments using the same technologies) 12

Question 18/5 Methodologies for the assessment of environmental impact of ICT Brief Description Main Tasks Question 18/5 aims to develop common methodologies that allow objective, transparent and practical assessments of ICT environmental impacts, at : goods, networks and services level, organizations level, projects level, cities level and countries level work program Further develop / finalize Recommendations L.methodology ICT projects, L.methodology ICT in cities and L.methodology ICT in countries Revise existing Recommendations L.1410 and L.1420 Develop, and gather in a supplement, specific additions to L.1410 and/or L.methodology ICT projects

Question 18/5 Published Recommendations L.1400: Overview and general principles of methodologies for assessing the environmental impact of information and communication technologies L.1410: Methodology for the assessment of the environmental impact of information and communication technology goods, networks and services L.1420: Methodology for energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions impact assessment of information and communication technologies in organizations L.1430: Methodology for assessment of the environmental impact of information and communication technology greenhouse gas and energy projects (consented)

Question Q19/5 Power feeding systems Brief Description Main Tasks With internet, more ICT equipment (routers, servers, switches) with higher rack power density (tens of kW) Unified power interface such as the higher voltage DC replacing Telecom DC 48V and AC UPS for higher efficiency and reliability Other advantages: smaller cable and lighter weight, flexibility, better life cycle : less use of materials, less CO2 emission in manufacturing and use, … Simple use of renewable energy (PV, wind, biofuels) and storage for smartgrid work program Recommendations: - Specifications of the power feeding system (DC, other ?); - system configuration, architecture, and cable distribution; - methodologies for evaluating performance of feeding systems and their environmental impact. Studies: - enabling use of renewable and alternative energy sources; - coordination of these sources and DC interface;

ITU-T L.1200 Recommendation ITU-T L.1200 “Direct current power feeding interface up to 400V at the input to telecommunications and ICT equipment” The Recommendation specifies direct current power feeding with interface direct current 260V to 400V at the power input to ICT equipment which can offer many potential benefits: simple power chain low maintenance modularity and power scalability high reliability high energy efficiency (gain of 5 to 20% energy consumption compared to different existing best in class powering solutions) low cost at same performance level Recommendation ITU-T L.1200 This Recommendation specifies a LVDC current interface at the power input of ICT equipment obtained from a power source of up to 400 Volts (260-400VDC voltage range) , which allows higher energy efficiency and reliability than can be achieved using low voltage power feeding solutions. The recommendation defines a power feeding system applicable to ICT equipment compliant with L.1200 in locations equipped with these power sources such as: telecommunication centres; radio base stations; data centres; and customer premises. Additionally, the LVDC interface will simplify the use of renewable energy sources producing LVDC output such as photovoltaic generators or some fuel cell systems. A gain of 5 up to 20% of energy consumption has been assessed and measured in existing sites by several certified experiments compared  to existing powering solutions. 16 16

Moving from Equipment to network level energy efficiency. Network level metrics and measurement methods equipment specification Router ES 203 136 ATIS-0600015.03.2013 L.1300 Transport ATIS-0600015.01.2009 ES 203 184 Broadband access ES 203 215 ATIS-0600015.07.2013 BTS TS 102 706 ATIS-0600015.06.2011 Core ES 201 554 Server Small networking devices Why? Carbon Tax. Operator to demonstrate the efficient evolutions of their network. Move the discussion from energy consumption to Energy efficiency

Waste reduction Universal adapter Universal battery ETSI (adapter for mobile Phone+ terminal) ITU (adapter for mobile Phone+ terminal) working on adapter for portable (tablet notebok) (actual situation is a “battle” between some USA company and the rest of the world. CENELEC (adapter for mobile Phone) Universal battery New activity pushed from China/FT/TI actually on Green battery definition…. Possible impact on terminal product can be big………. WHAT is a green Battery??????

ICT impact Different activities: Methodologies to establish the impact of ICT and the benefit of using ICT in other sectors Common activity of ETSI EE and ITU to write a common standard on the LCA of ICT product and service. A lot of push on this from EU commission as they like to have standards to determine the impact of ICT for …….. Carbon Tax Customer product selection…….. Operator are starting to ask data about the CO2 emission of product… TI, Vodafone, WIND In Future ECOLABEL ITU are working on recommendation on ECOLABEL for ICT product IN US ULE (UL Environment) is a standard methodologies published by UL and adopted by AT&T for terminal product

Impact on different technologies SDN/FN Network level metrics Routing based on Energy efficiency not only on traffic performance Energy monitoring

Impact on different technologies ENERGY EFFICIENCY New Metrics Measurement methods New limits Standard Energy Monitoring 21

Focus Group on Smart Sustainable Cities: Main tasks and deliverables: Defining the role of ICTs in environmentally sustainable smart cities, and identifying the ICT systems necessary to the development of a Smart Sustainable City; Collecting and documenting information on existing smart city initiatives and technical specifications, focusing in particular on the identification of standardization gaps; Identifying or developing a set of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to gauge the success of smart-city ICT deployments; Establishing relationships and liaison mechanisms with other bodies engaged in smart-city studies and development; Identifying future smart-city standardization projects to be undertaken by its parent group, ITU-T Study Group 5; Developing a roadmap for the ICT sector’s contribution to Smart Sustainable Cities, providing cohesion to the development and application of technologies and standards. Established at SG5 meeting in Geneva, 29 January to 7 February 2013 As an open platform for smart-city stakeholders 1st meeting held on 8 May 2013 in Turin, Italy The FG–SSC will to assess the standardization requirements of cities aiming to boost their social, economic and environmental sustainability through the integration of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in their infrastructures and operations. The FG–SSC will analyze ICT solutions and projects that promote environmental sustainability in smart cities and will identify best practices which could facilitate the implementation of such solutions in cities. It will develop a standardization roadmap taking into consideration the activities currently undertaken by the various standards developing organizations (SDOs) and forums. This “Focus Group on Smart and Sustainable Cities (FG – SSC)” will leverage the role of the ICT sector to foster the growth of smart and sustainable cities worldwide. Chairman     -    Silvia Guzman, Telefónica Vice-Chairmen     -    Pablo Bilbao, Federation Argentina de Municipios    -    Flavio Cucchietti, Telecom Italia    -    Sekhar Kondepudi, National University of Singapore    -    Nasser Saleh Al Marzouqi, UAE    -    Franz Zichy, USA    -    Ziqin Sang, Fiberhome Technologies Group 22 22

Focus Group on Smart Water Management: Main tasks and deliverables: Collect and document information on national, regional and international smart water management initiatives; reporting on current activities and technical specifications. Specify the roles to be played by ICTs in smart water management. Develop a list mapping key stakeholders involved in the area of ICTs and smart water management.  Develop Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to assess the impact achieved through the use of ICTs in water-management systems.  Develop a set of methodologies for estimating the impact of ICTs on water conservation.  Identify water-management ICT applications and services with the potential to ensure interoperability and the benefits of economies of scale.  Draft technical reports that address standardization gaps and identify new standardization work items to be taken up by its parent group, ITU-T Study Group 5 (Environment and climate change). Established by the ITU-T TSAG meeting in Geneva, 4-7 June 2013 Will work in close collaboration with the FG-SSC The Focus Group on Smart Water Management (FG-SWM) was established by the ITU-T TSAG meeting in Geneva, 4-7 June 2013.   The FG-SWM is expected to carry out the following specific tasks: Collect and document information on national, regional and international smart water management initiatives; reporting on current activities and technical specifications. Specify the roles to be played by ICTs in smart water management. Develop a list mapping key stakeholders involved in the area of ICTs and smart water management.  Develop Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to assess the impact achieved through the use of ICTs in water-management systems.  Develop a set of methodologies for estimating the impact of ICTs on water conservation.  Identify water-management ICT applications and services with the potential to ensure interoperability and the benefits of economies of scale.  Draft technical reports that address standardization gaps and identify new standardization work items to be taken up by its parent group, ITU-T Study Group 5 (Environment and climate change). 23 23

Upcoming workshop and meetings Greening the Future: Bridging the Standardization Gap on Environmental Sustainability    Colombo, Sri Lanka, 3-4 October 2013 ITU/CITEL Workshop on Environmentally sound management of E-waste    Mendoza, Argentina, 9 October 2013 ITU-T Study Group 5 meeting Lima, Peru, 2-13 December 2013 Focus Group on Smart Sustainable Cities meeting Lima, Peru, 6 December 2013 Focus Group on Smart Water Management meeting Lima, Peru, 10 December 2013

Thank YOU tsbsg5@itu.int ITU-T/SG5 “Environment & Climate Change” http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/studygroups/com05/index.asp ITU-T and climate change http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/climatechange tsbsg5@itu.int